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  2. Justice (research) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justice_(research)

    In research ethics, justice regards fairness in the distribution of burdens and benefits of research. For example, justice is a consideration in recruiting volunteer research participants, in considering any existing burdens the groups from which they are recruited face (such as historic marginalisation) and the risks of the research, alongside the potential benefits of the research.

  3. Belmont Report - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belmont_Report

    The Belmont Report summarizes ethical principles and guidelines for human subject research. Three core principles are identified: respect for persons, Beneficence, and Justice. The three primary areas of application were stated as informed consent, assessment of risks and benefits, and selection of human subjects in research.

  4. Common Rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_rule

    The Common Rule is a 1991 rule of ethics (revised in 2018) [2] regarding biomedical and behavioral research involving human subjects in the United States.The regulations governing Institutional Review Boards for oversight of human research followed the 1975 revision of the Declaration of Helsinki, and are encapsulated in the 1991 revision to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services ...

  5. Respect for persons - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respect_for_persons

    It is one of the three basic principles of research ethics stated in the Belmont Report issued by the Office of Human Subject Research; it comprises two essential moral requirements: to recognize the right for autonomy and to protect individuals who are disadvantaged to the extent that they cannot practice this right. [1] [2]

  6. Research ethics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research_ethics

    Research ethics is a discipline within the study of applied ethics. Its scope ranges from general scientific integrity and misconduct to the treatment of human and animal subjects. The social responsibilities of scientists and researchers are not traditionally included and are less well defined.

  7. Guidelines for human subject research - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guidelines_for_human...

    One of the earliest models for ethical human experimentation, preceding the Nuremberg Code, was established in 1931. [4] In the Weimar Republic of 20th century pre-Nazi Germany, the entity known as Reichsgesundheitsamt [5] (translating roughly to National Health Service), under the Ministry of the Interior [6] formulated a list of 14 points detailing these ethical principles.

  8. Justice as Fairness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justice_as_Fairness

    "Justice as Fairness: Political not Metaphysical" is an essay by John Rawls, published in 1985. [1] In it he describes his conception of justice. It comprises two main principles of liberty and equality; the second is subdivided into fair equality of opportunity and the difference principle.

  9. Nuremberg Code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuremberg_Code

    The Nuremberg Code (German: Nürnberger Kodex) is a set of ethical research principles for human experimentation created by the court in U.S. v Brandt, one of the Subsequent Nuremberg trials that were held after the Second World War.