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Esters are formed by replacing at least one –OH (hydroxyl) group with an –O–alkyl (alkoxy) group. They are hydrolyzed by pancreatic enzymes, such as cholesterol esterase, to produce cholesterol and free fatty acids. [1] They are associated with atherosclerosis. [2]
Esterified cholesterol from cytoplasmic liquid droplets are once again hydrolyzed to free cholesterol by acid cholesterol esterase. Free cholesterol can then be secreted from the macrophage by the efflux to ApoA1 and ApoE discs via the ABCA1 receptor. This pathway is usually used by modified or pathological lipoproteins like AcLDL, OxLDL and ...
The enzyme sterol esterase (EC 3.1.1.13) catalyzes the reaction a sterol ester + H 2 O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } a sterol + a fatty acid This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases , specifically those acting on carboxylic ester bonds.
Neutral cholesterol ester hydrolase 1 (NCEH) also known as arylacetamide deacetylase-like 1 (AADACL1) or KIAA1363 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NCEH1 gene. [ 5 ] NCEH is an enzyme located in the endoplasmic reticulum .
1071 n/a Ensembl ENSG00000087237 n/a UniProt P11597 n/a RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000078 NM_001286085 n/a RefSeq (protein) NP_000069 NP_001273014 n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 16: 56.96 – 56.98 Mb n/a PubMed search n/a Wikidata View/Edit Human Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), also called plasma lipid transfer protein, is a plasma protein that facilitates the transport of cholesteryl esters and ...
Sterol esters are a heterogeneous group of chemical compounds.They are created when the hydroxyl group of a sterol and a fatty acid undergo an esterification reaction. They can be found in trace amounts in every cell type but are highly enriched in foam cells and are common components of human skin oil.
25-Hydroxycholesterol is a derivative of cholesterol, which plays a role in various biological processes in humans and other species.It is involved in cholesterol metabolism, antivirus process, inflammatory and immune response, and survival signaling pathway. 25-hydroxycholesterol is biosynthesized from cholesterol by adding a hydroxyl group at the position 25-carbon of a steroid nucleus.
Some exceptions include an esterase with β-lactamase-like structure Carboxylesterases are widely distributed in nature, and are common in mammalian liver. Many participate in phase I metabolism of xenobiotics such as toxins or drugs; the resulting carboxylates are then conjugated by other enzymes to increase solubility and eventually excreted.