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The Phanerozoic is divided into three eras: the Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic, which are further subdivided into 12 periods. The Paleozoic features the evolution of the three most prominent animal phyla, arthropods, molluscs and chordates, the last of which includes fish, amphibians and the fully terrestrial amniotes (synapsids and sauropsids).
The Phanerozoic Eon (Greek: period of well-displayed life) marks the appearance in the fossil record of abundant, shell-forming and/or trace-making organisms. It is subdivided into three eras, the Paleozoic , Mesozoic and Cenozoic , with major mass extinctions at division points.
The concept of the three great evolutionary faunas of marine animals from the Cambrian to the present (that is, the entire Phanerozoic) was introduced by Jack Sepkoski in 1981 using factor analysis of the fossil record. [1]
The Phanerozoic Eon, the current geological eon in the geologic time scale, covering the last ~541 million years on Earth. It is preceded by the Precambrian supereon . This category contains events which happened in the Phanerozoic , a division of the geologic time scale .
The Cambrian explosion (also known as Cambrian radiation [1] or Cambrian diversification) is an interval of time beginning approximately in the Cambrian period of the early Paleozoic, when a sudden radiation of complex life occurred and practically all major animal phyla started appearing in the fossil record.
c. 60 Ma – Evolution of the first primates and miacids. Flightless birds diversify. c. 56 Ma – Gastornis evolves. c. 55 Ma – the island of the Indian subcontinent collides with Asia, thrusting up the Himalayas and the Tibetan Plateau. Many modern bird groups appear. First whale ancestors.
Evolutionary radiations during the Phanerozoic.. An evolutionary radiation is an increase in taxonomic diversity that is caused by elevated rates of speciation, [1] that may or may not be associated with an increase in morphological disparity. [2]
Like any typical accretionary orogen, the Central Asian Orogenic Belt is long and wide. It occupies roughly 30% of the land surface area of the entire Asia. [8] It is located within the boundary of six nations, which are China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia, and Uzbekistan.