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An extended release formulation of metadoxine (MDX), combining immediate and slow release formulations of metadoxine into a single oral dose, was developed to extend the half-life of the drug and to allow for the use of MDX in indications that require a longer therapeutic window, such as cognitive impairment-related disorders.
A 2006 study of 124 premenopausal women measured sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), including before and after discontinuation of the oral contraceptive pill. Women continuing use of oral contraceptives had SHBG levels four times higher than those who never used it, and levels remained elevated even in the group that had discontinued its use.
Flibanserin, sold under the brand name Addyi, is a medication approved for the treatment of pre-menopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD). [4] [5] The medication improves sexual desire, increases the number of satisfying sexual events, and decreases the distress associated with low sexual desire. [6]
There are also indications that the fluctuations in estrogen levels across the normal menstrual cycle in premenopausal women may be important for breast cancer risk. [ 144 ] In contrast to estrogen-only therapy, combined estrogen and progestogen treatment, although dependent on the progestogen used, is associated with an increased risk of ...
A copper intrauterine device (IUD), also known as an intrauterine coil or copper coil or non-hormonal IUD, is a type of intrauterine device which contains copper. [3] It is used for birth control and emergency contraception within five days of unprotected sex. [3]
Metoclopramide is a medication used to treat nausea, vomiting, gastroparesis, and gastroesophageal reflux disease. [5] It is also used to treat migraine headaches. [6]Common side effects include feeling tired, diarrhea, akathisia, and tardive dyskinesia.
Raloxifene increases bone mineral density in postmenopausal women but decreases it in premenopausal women. [14] In the MORE trial, the risk of vertebral fractures was decreased by 30%, and bone mineral density was increased in the spine (by 2.1% at 60 mg, 2.4% at 120 mg) and femoral neck (2.6% at 60 mg, 2.7% at 120 mg). [ 20 ]
Mosapride is a gastroprokinetic agent that acts as a selective 5HT 4 agonist.The major active metabolite of mosapride, known as M1, additionally acts as a 5HT 3 antagonist, [1] which accelerates emptying throughout the whole of the gastrointestinal tract in humans, [2] and is used for the treatment of gastritis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, functional dyspepsia [3] and irritable bowel ...