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  2. Linguistic competence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistic_competence

    In linguistics, linguistic competence is the system of unconscious knowledge that one knows when they know a language. It is distinguished from linguistic performance , which includes all other factors that allow one to use one's language in practice.

  3. Common European Framework of Reference for Languages

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_European_Framework...

    The CEFR divides general competences in knowledge, skills, and existential competence with particular communicative competences in linguistic competence, sociolinguistic competence and pragmatic competence. This division does not exactly match previously well-known notions of communicative competence, but correspondences among them can be made. [6]

  4. Linguistic performance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistic_performance

    Competence is the collection of subconscious rules that one knows when one knows a language; performance is the system which puts these rules to use. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] This distinction is related to the broader notion of Marr's levels used in other cognitive sciences, with competence corresponding to Marr's computational level.

  5. Generative grammar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generative_grammar

    Generative grammar generally distinguishes linguistic competence and linguistic performance. [11] Competence is the collection of subconscious rules that one knows when one knows a language; performance is the system which puts these rules to use. [11] [12] This distinction is related to the broader notion of Marr's levels used in other ...

  6. Theories of second-language acquisition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theories_of_second...

    The Bottleneck Hypothesis [23] suggests that certain linguistic features in second-language acquisition (SLA) act as a bottleneck, limiting the progression of learners in acquiring the full grammatical system of the target language. According to this hypothesis, functional morphology is the most challenging aspect for adult L2 learners to acquire.

  7. Communicative competence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communicative_competence

    The concept of communicative competence, as developed in linguistics, originated in response to perceived inadequacy of the notion of linguistic competence.That is, communicative competence encompasses a language user's grammatical knowledge of syntax, morphology, phonology and the like, but reconceives this knowledge as a functional, social understanding of how and when to use utterances ...

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  9. Communicative language teaching - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communicative_language...

    [4] The idea of communicative competence stemmed from Chomsky's concept of the linguistic competence of an ideal native speaker. [2] Hymes did not make a concrete formulation of communicative competence, but subsequent authors, notably Michael Canale, have tied the concept to language teaching. [12]