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Edinburgh Castle is a historic castle in Edinburgh, Scotland. It stands on Castle Rock , which has been occupied by humans since at least the Iron Age . There has been a royal castle on the rock since the reign of Malcolm III in the 11th century, and the castle continued to be a royal residence until 1633.
St Margaret's Chapel, in Edinburgh Castle, is the oldest surviving building in Edinburgh, Scotland. [1] An example of Romanesque architecture , it is a category A listed building . [ 2 ] It was constructed in the 12th century, but fell into disuse after the Reformation.
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Gladstone's Land is a surviving 17th-century tenement house situated in the Old Town of the city of Edinburgh, Scotland. It has been restored and furnished by the National Trust for Scotland , and is operated as a popular tourist attraction.
The 19th-century house is separately listed at category A. [17] Edinburgh Castle: Royal fortress 12th-21st century Site of a castle since the 12th century, [20] Edinburgh Castle contains buildings of multiple periods and functions, including the royal palace, great hall, and 19th-century barracks. Inchgarvie Castle: Tower house 15th century
The style was considered a British national idiom emblematic of Scotland, and was widely used for public buildings, country houses, residences and follies throughout the British Empire. The Scottish National War Memorial was the last significant monument of the baronial style, built 1920 in Edinburgh Castle after World War I. [2]
Fenton Tower, East Lothian, a restored tower house where thorough archaeological recording took place. [1]The restoration of castles and tower houses in Scotland, generally by private individuals and families, has been taking place for over a century [2] [verification needed] and is of major significance in the field of historic buildings in the country, and sometimes a subject of controversy.
This style can be seen in lords houses built at Caerlaverlock (1620), Moray House, Edinburgh (1628) and Drumlanrig Castle (1675–89), and was highly influential until the baronial style gave way to the grander English forms associated with Inigo Jones in the later seventeenth century. [56]