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William Bradley Coley (January 12, 1862 – April 16, 1936) was an American bone surgeon and cancer researcher best known for his early contributions to the study of cancer immunotherapy, specifically causing infection as a way to fight cancer, a practice used as far back as 1550 BC. [1]
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1893 – Use of live bacteria and bacterial lysates to treat tumors – "Coley's Toxins", based on Busch and Fehleisen experiences (William B. Coley) 1894 – Bacteriolysis (Richard Pfeiffer) 1896 – An antibacterial, heat-labile serum component is described (Jules Bordet) 1900 – Antibody formation theory (Paul Ehrlich)
Coley's toxins (also called Coley's toxin, [1] Coley's vaccine, [2] Coley vaccine, Coley's fluid or mixed bacterial vaccine) is a mixture containing toxins filtered from killed bacteria of species Streptococcus pyogenes and Serratia marcescens, named after William Coley, a surgical oncologist at the Hospital for Special Surgery who developed the mixture in the late 19th century as a treatment ...
The William B. Coley Award for Distinguished Research in Basic and Tumor Immunology is presented annually by the Cancer Research Institute, to scientists [1] who have made outstanding achievements in the fields of basic and tumor immunology and whose work has deepened our understanding of the immune system's response to disease, including cancer.
1781: William Herschel announces discovery of Uranus, expanding the known boundaries of the Solar System for the first time in modern history. 1785: William Withering: publishes the first definitive account of the use of foxglove for treating dropsy. 1787: Jacques Charles: Charles's law of ideal gases.
—— 1961. "Singletons and Multiples in Scientific Discovery: A Chapter in the Sociology of Science." Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 105(5):470–86. JSTOR 985546; Shireman, William K. 1999. "Business strategies for sustainable profits: systems thinking in practice." Systems Research and Behavioral Science 16(5):453–62.
Columbus before the Queen, imagined by Emanuel Gottlieb Leutze, 1843. This timeline of European exploration lists major geographic discoveries and other firsts credited to or involving Europeans during the Age of Discovery and the following centuries, between the years AD 1418 and 1957.