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Finnish smokeless powder. Smokeless powder is a type of propellant used in firearms and artillery that produces less smoke and less fouling when fired compared to black powder. Because of their similar use, both the original black powder formulation and the smokeless propellant which replaced it are commonly described as gunpowder.
Cordite is a family of smokeless propellants developed and produced in Britain since 1889 to replace black powder as a military firearm propellant. Like modern gunpowder, cordite is classified as a low explosive because of its slow burning rates and consequently low brisance [not verified in body].
[3]: 287–289 Nitrocellulose produces greater volumes of gas per volume of solid than black powder does, so nitrocellulose bulk powders were less dense than later smokeless powders. Nitrocellulose bulk powders designed for early straight-sided black powder rifle cartridges like the .32-40 and .38-55 were friable and easily crumbled.
Black powder was the first explosive ever invented, and was the primary propellant used firearms around the world for many centuries. However, in modern times, smokeless powder has largely replaced black powder as the most common firearm propellant.
The United States military replaced black powder during the first decade of the 20th century with smokeless powders formulated from nitrocellulose colloided with ether and alcohol. [2] Large quantities were manufactured for World War I and significant amounts remained unused after the war. Nitrocellulose deteriorates in storage, but military ...
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Hodgdon's product line includes Pyrodex and Triple Seven, which are modern substitutes for black powder and intended for use in muzzleloaders and certain antique firearms. Consequences of black powder's easy ignition by sparks or static electricity make manufacture and storage hazardous. The sole factory of the United States' largest 20th ...
Smokeless coal is more efficient than a conventional open coal fire indoors because the high working temperature is released into the room as infrared radiation, as can be judged by the bright red color of a mature fire. The hot gases produced are lost up the chimney, thereby reducing efficiency just as in an open coal fire.