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A bicolour flag consisting of three bands; white, black, and white. 1668–1869: Flag used by the Satsuma army during the Boshin War: A horizontal bicolour of red and white. 1905–1910: Flag of the Resident General of Korea. A blue ensign with the Flag of Japan in the canton. 1945–1952: Civil and naval ensign during the occupation of Japan.
The traditional colors of Japan trace their historical origins to the Twelve Level Cap and Rank System which was established in 603 by Prince Shōtoku and based on the five Chinese elements. In this system, rank and social hierarchy were displayed and determined by certain colors.
Hata-jirushi (旗印) were the most common of war banners used on the medieval Japanese battlefield. The term can be translated to literally mean symbol flag , marker banner , or the like. Unlike the later nobori , which were stiffened, these banners were simple streamers attached to a shaft by a horizontal cross-piece.
By the mid-16th century, flags and banners were seen in greater numbers than ever before, and in an unprecedented variety of styles, sizes, shapes and colors. Where once only higher-ranking samurai and commanders had standards (flags), now lower-ranking warriors wore flags to denote their unit or division, along with their clan or lord.
Each modern Japanese prefecture has a unique flag, most often a bicolour geometric highly stylised design, often incorporating the characters of the Japanese writing system and resembling minimalistic company logos. [1] The heraldic badges worn by warriors in medieval Japan were forerunners of the modern emblems used in the prefectural flags. [2]
The Hinomaru was decreed the merchant flag of Japan in 1870 and was the legal national flag from 1870 to 1885, making it the first national flag Japan adopted. [22] [23] While the idea of national symbols was strange to the Japanese, the Meiji Government needed them to communicate with the outside world.
Given the great variety in Japanese armour, sashimono were used to provide a kind of "uniform" to armies. Sashimono typically came in either square or short rectangular forms, although many variations existed. A variation that is often bigger and coloured is the uma-jirushi, which were large, personalized, sashimono-like flags worn by commanders.
The mon of the Toyotomi Clan, now used as the emblem of the Japanese Government; originally an emblem of the imperial family—a stylized paulownia.. Mon (紋), also called monshō (紋章), mondokoro (紋所), and kamon (家紋), are Japanese emblems used to decorate and identify an individual, a family, or (more recently) an institution, municipality or business entity.
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