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Amestris (Greek: Άμηστρις, Amēstris, perhaps the same as Άμαστρις, Amāstris, from Old Persian Amāstrī-, "strong woman") [2] was an Achaemenid queen, wife of king Xerxes I and mother of king Artaxerxes I. [3] [4] She was poorly regarded by ancient Greek historians. [5] [6] [7]
Artaxerxes was probably born in the reign of his grandfather Darius I, to the emperor's son and heir, Xerxes I.In 465 BC, Xerxes I was murdered by Hazarapat ("commander of thousand") Artabanus, the commander of the royal bodyguard and the most powerful official in the Persian court, with the help of a eunuch, Aspamitres. [9]
Documents from Babylon dating in Artaxerxes' reign, refer to certain estates as "the house of the woman of the palace". This anonymous woman could be Damaspia, or the queen mother Amestris . [ 4 ] In an episode from the biblical book of Nehemiah (2:6) Artaxerxes is mentioned as being in the company of a royal wife, who could be identified with ...
Ardakhshir I (also spelled Artaxerxes I; Aramaic: rtḥštry) was a dynast of Persis in the late 3rd-century BC, ruling sometime after 220 to c. 205 BC. Name [ edit ]
Made satrap of Armenia under the Achaemenid king Artaxerxes II. Governed virtually autonomously. [3] Orontes II: c. 344–331 BC (satrap) (c. 13 years) c. 331 BC (king) [a] (c. less than a year) Died fighting on the side of the Achaemenid Empire against Alexander the Great at the Battle of Gaugamela [3] Mithrenes: c. 331–317 BC (c. 14 years)
Artaxerxes I of Persia (died 425 BC), Artaxerxes I Longimanus, r. 466–425 BC, son and successor of Xerxes I; Artaxerxes II of Persia (436 BC–358 BC), Artaxerxes II Mnemon, r. 404–358 BC, son and successor of Darius II; Artaxerxes III of Persia (425 BC–338 BC), Artaxerxes III Ochus, r. 358–338 BC, son and successor of Artaxerxes II
The female name Amytis is the Latinised form of the Greek name Amutis (Αμυτις), which perhaps may reflect (with vowel metathesis) an original Old Persian name *ᴴumati, meaning "having good thought," and which is an equivalent of the Avestan term humaⁱti (𐬵𐬎𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌).
A 2021 list of the Achaemenid royal inscriptions counted 179 texts, from Darius I to Artaxerxes III. [11] This categorization places the "non-authentic" inscriptions (i.e. inscriptions are "genuine" and date from the Achaemenid period, but do not come from the king who is listed at the beginning of the inscriptions) under the king during whose ...