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For Confucius, filial piety is not merely a ritual outside respect to one's parents, but an inward attitude as well. [11] Filial piety consists of several aspects. Filial piety is an awareness of repaying the burden borne by one's parents. [12] As such, filial piety is done to reciprocate the care one's parents have given. [13]
Filial piety is considered a key virtue in Chinese culture, and it is the main concern of a large number of stories. One of the most famous collections of such stories is "The Twenty-four Filial Exemplars". These stories depict how children exercised their filial piety in the past.
The text was also important politically, partly because filial piety was both a means of demonstrating moral virtue and entering officialdom for those with family connections to the imperial court. [7] The text was important in Neo-Confucianism and was quoted by the influential Song figure and Neo-Confucian philosopher Zhu Xi.
The Twenty-four Filial Exemplars, also translated as The Twenty-four Paragons of Filial Piety (Chinese: 二十四孝), is a classic text of Confucian filial piety written by Guo Jujing (郭居敬) [1] during the Yuan dynasty (1260–1368). The text was extremely influential in the medieval Far East and was used to teach Confucian moral values.
The main concepts of this philosophy include ren (humaneness), yi (righteousness), li (propriety/etiquette), zhong , and xiao (filial piety), along with strict adherence to social roles. This is illustrated through the five main relationships Confucius interpreted to be the core of society: ruler-subject, father-son, husband-wife, elder brother ...
The concept is also heavily intertwined with Confucian ideas of filial piety and the correct social order. [ 4 ] Lián (廉) - integrity; refers to always being 'upright' in one's behaviour.
The teachings of li promoted ideals such as filial piety, fraternity, righteousness, good faith, and loyalty. [7] The influence of li guided the popular ethos in areas such as loyalty to superiors and respect for elders in the community.
In Confucian societies, filial piety determines the "moral worth" of an individual in a community and acts as a form of social capital. [4] According to Roger T. Ames and Henry Rosemont, "Confucian normativity is defined by living one's family roles to maximum effect." In Confucian role ethics, morality is based on a person's fulfillment of a ...