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Van der Waals constants (data page) The following table lists the Van der Waals constants (from the Van der Waals equation) for a number of common gases and volatile liquids. [1] To convert from to , multiply by 100. To convert from to , divide by 10. To convert from to , divide by 1000. a (L 2 bar/mol 2)
Fritz Haber, 1918. The Haber process, [1] also called the Haber–Bosch process, is the main industrial procedure for the production of ammonia. [2][3] It converts atmospheric nitrogen (N 2) to ammonia (NH 3) by a reaction with hydrogen (H 2) using a finely divided iron metal catalyst: This reaction is slightly favorable in terms of enthalpy ...
Liquid nitrogen (LN2) is nitrogen in a liquid state at low temperature. Liquid nitrogen has a boiling point of about −196 °C (−321 °F; 77 K). It is produced industrially by fractional distillation of liquid air. It is a colorless, mobile liquid whose viscosity is about one-tenth that of acetone (i.e. roughly one-thirtieth that of water at ...
Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) means of converting nitrogen oxides, also referred to as NO x with the aid of a catalyst into diatomic nitrogen (N 2), and water (H 2 O). A reductant, typically anhydrous ammonia (NH 3), aqueous ammonia (NH 4 OH), or a urea (CO(NH 2) 2) solution, is added to a stream of flue or exhaust gas and is reacted onto ...
Nitrogen-15 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (nitrogen-15 NMR spectroscopy, or just simply 15N NMR) is a version of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy that examines samples containing the 15 N nucleus. [1][2] 15 N NMR differs in several ways from the more common 13 C and 1 H NMR. To circumvent the difficulties associated with ...
Nitrogen is a nonmetal and the lightest member of group 15 of the periodic table, often called the pnictogens. It is a common element in the universe, estimated at seventh in total abundance in the Milky Way and the Solar System. At standard temperature and pressure, two atoms of the element bond to form N 2, a colorless and odorless diatomic gas.
Carbon cycle. A carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N ratio or C:N ratio) is a ratio of the mass of carbon to the mass of nitrogen in organic residues. It can, amongst other things, be used in analysing sediments and soil including soil organic matter and soil amendments such as compost.
The CNO cycle (for carbon – nitrogen – oxygen; sometimes called Bethe–Weizsäcker cycle after Hans Albrecht Bethe and Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker) is one of the two known sets of fusion reactions by which stars convert hydrogen to helium, the other being the proton–proton chain reaction (p–p cycle), which is more efficient at the ...