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Definition. The term habitat fragmentation includes five discrete phenomena: Reduction in the total area of the habitat. Decrease of the interior: edge ratio. Isolation of one habitat fragment from other areas of habitat. Breaking up of one patch of habitat into several smaller patches. Decrease in the average size of each patch of habitat.
Mechanistic models of niche apportionment are intended to describe communities. Researchers have used these models in many ways to investigate the temporal and geographic trends in species abundance. For many years the fit of niche apportionment models was conducted by eye and graphs of the models were compared with empirical data. [5]
Niche construction is the ecological process by which an organism alters its own (or another species') local environment. These alterations can be a physical change to the organism’s environment, or it can encompass the active movement of an organism from one habitat to another where it then experiences different environmental pressures.
Ecological niche. The flightless dung beetle occupies an ecological niche: exploiting animal droppings as a food source. In ecology, a niche is the match of a species to a specific environmental condition. [1][2] It describes how an organism or population responds to the distribution of resources and competitors (for example, by growing when ...
The species–area relationship or species–area curve describes the relationship between the area of a habitat, or of part of a habitat, and the number of species found within that area. Larger areas tend to contain larger numbers of species, and empirically, the relative numbers seem to follow systematic mathematical relationships. [1]
Competitive exclusion principle. 1: A smaller (yellow) species of bird forages across the whole tree. 2: A larger (red) species competes for resources. 3: Red dominates in the middle for the more abundant resources. Yellow adapts to a new niche restricted to the top and bottom and avoiding competition. In ecology, the competitive exclusion ...
Ontogenetic niche shift (abbreviated ONS) [1] is an ecological phenomenon where an organism (usually an animal) changes its diet or habitat during its ontogeny (development). [2] During the ontogenetic niche shifting an ecological niche of an individual changes its breadth and position. [3] The best known representatives of taxa that exhibit ...
Source–sink dynamics is a theoretical model used by ecologists to describe how variation in habitat quality may affect the population growth or decline of organisms. Since quality is likely to vary among patches of habitat, it is important to consider how a low quality patch might affect a population. In this model, organisms occupy two ...