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Skeletal fluorosis. Fluorosis patient in the industrial city of Raigarh, India. Specialty. Rheumatology. Skeletal fluorosis is a bone disease caused by excessive accumulation of fluoride leading to weakened bones. [1] In advanced cases, skeletal fluorosis causes painful damage to bones and joints.
Dental fluorosis is a common [2] disorder, characterized by hypomineralization of tooth enamel caused by ingestion of excessive fluoride during enamel formation. [3] It appears as a range of visual changes in enamel [4] causing degrees of intrinsic tooth discoloration, and, in some cases, physical damage to the teeth.
Fluoride therapy is the use of fluoride for medical purposes. [ 2] Fluoride supplements are recommended to prevent tooth decay in children older than six months in areas where the drinking water is low in fluoride. [ 3] It is typically used as a liquid, pill, or paste by mouth. [ 4]
Fluoride is a mainstay of dental care, whether it's delivered in a treatment at your dentist's office or in your toothpaste. But fluoride has become the focus of several conspiracy theories over ...
Fluoridation does not affect the appearance, taste or smell of drinking water. [ 1 ] Water fluoridation is the addition of fluoride to a public water supply to reduce tooth decay. Fluoridated water contains fluoride at a level that is effective for preventing cavities; this can occur naturally or by adding fluoride. [ 2 ]
Fluoride varnish. Fluoride varnish is a highly concentrated form of fluoride that is applied to the tooth 's surface by a dentist, dental hygienist or other dental professional, as a type of topical fluoride therapy. [ 1 ] It is not a permanent varnish but due to its adherent nature it is able to stay in contact with the tooth surface for ...
Defluoridation is the downward adjustment of the level of fluoride in drinking water. Worldwide, fluoride is one of the most abundant anions present in groundwater. Fluoride is more present in groundwater than surface water mainly due to the leaching of minerals. Groundwater accounts for 98 percent of the earth's potable water. [1]
Topical fluorides are fluoride-containing drugs indicated in prevention and treatment of dental caries, particularly in children's primary dentitions. [1] The dental-protecting property of topical fluoride can be attributed to multiple mechanisms of action, including the promotion of remineralization of decalcified enamel, the inhibition of the cariogenic microbial metabolism in dental plaque ...