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[3] [5] The SGAs consist entirely of laryngeal masks. Several manufacturers produce these devices, the most well known being the laryngeal mask airway (LMA). [3] [5] [4] Success rates of SGAs in securing airways are similar between the different models, and these devices provide effective ventilation in more than 98% of patients.
The Simplified Airway Risk Index (SARI), or El-Ganzouri Risk Index (EGRI), is a multivariate risk score thought to estimate the risk of difficult tracheal intubation. The SARI score ranges from 0 to 12 points, where a higher number of points indicates a more difficult airway. A SARI score of 4 or above is thought to indicate a difficult ...
Management of the airway in the emergency department is optimal given the presence of trained personnel from multiple specialties, as well as access to "difficult airway equipment" (videolaryngoscopy, eschmann tracheal tube introducer, fiberoptic bronchoscopy, surgical methods, etc.). [4]
Fentanyl is a synthetic opioid, 75-125 times stronger than morphine, [3] that acts by activating opioid receptors in the nervous system. Its effects begin in 2–3 minutes, and last 30–60 minutes. Fentanyl provides analgesia and sedative properties; it does not have any amnestic effects.
Tracheal intubation, usually simply referred to as intubation, is the placement of a flexible plastic tube into the trachea (windpipe) to maintain an open airway or to serve as a conduit through which to administer certain drugs.
In anaesthesia and advanced airway management, rapid sequence induction (RSI) – also referred to as rapid sequence intubation or as rapid sequence induction and intubation (RSII) or as crash induction [1] – is a special process for endotracheal intubation that is used where the patient is at a high risk of pulmonary aspiration.
Ensuring an open airway and adequate ventilation may be difficult in people with TBI. [3] Intubation, one method to secure the airway, may be used to bypass a disruption in the airway in order to send air to the lungs. [3] If necessary, a tube can be placed into the uninjured bronchus, and a single lung can be ventilated. [3]
Neither presented difficulty with regard to insertion of the laryngeal mask ". [6] By 1985, experience with the laryngeal mask prototype had reached 4000 cases. Brain published a case series in Anaesthesia in 1985 describing the management of 3 difficult airway patients, illustrating the use of the laryngeal mask for airway rescue.