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Horse artillery—rows of limbers and caissons, each pulled by teams of six horses with three postilion riders and an escort on horseback (1933, Poland). A limber is a two-wheeled cart designed to support the trail of an artillery piece, or the stock of a field carriage such as a caisson or traveling forge, allowing it to be towed.
The above diagram shows the typical gun crew of a Civil War cannon. Each cannoneer was numbered and played an important role in the firing sequence when the order "Commence fire" was given: [43] Gunner: Gave the order "Load" to load the cannon and sighted it at the target. Number One: Sponged the barrel clean and rammed the round to the breech.
89) This problem could be remedied by insertion of a copper vent piece (bouche). In addition to its use as siege artillery, two batteries of 4.5-inch siege rifles (8 guns total) accompanied the Army of the Potomac as "heavy" field artillery between 1862 and 1864. The big guns were intended for long range firing against Confederate artillery.
The barrel of the 4-pounder weighed 600 pounds (272 kg) or 150 times the projectile weight. The length of the cannon was 18 calibers, that is, 18 times the diameter of the bore. [16] The carriage weighed 757 pounds (343 kg) and limber weighed 591 pounds (268 kg), making a total weight of barrel, carriage and limber of 1,948 pounds (884 kg). [17]
The Model 1838 bronze 6-pounder was a lighter cannon designed for horse artillery units. Alger delivered 62 and Ames delivered 36 of the Model 1838 gun. Ames also manufactured 27 Model 1840 bronze 6-pounders, which were heavier than the Model 1838. [9] M1841 6-pounder field guns. The Model 1841 bronze 6-pounder cannon proved to be the most ...
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In the period before the Civil War, a U.S. Army light artillery battery was organized with four M1841 6-pounder field guns and two M1841 12-pounder howitzers. [1] The field gun fired solid iron cannon balls in a flat trajectory to smash its targets [2] while the howitzer was designed to lob hollow shells into massed formations or fortifications. [3]