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Childbirth can be an intense event and strong emotions, both positive and negative, can be brought to the surface. Abnormal and persistent fear of childbirth is known as tokophobia. The prevalence of fear of childbirth around the world ranges between 4–25%, with 3–7% of pregnant women having clinical fear of childbirth.
Engelmann's seminal 1882 work "Labor among primitive peoples" publicised the childbirth positions amongst primitive cultures to the Western world. They frequently use squatting, standing, kneeling and all fours positions, often in a sequence. [2] They are referred to as upright birth positions. [3]
A doula (left) applying pressure to a pregnant woman during labor. A doula (/ ˈ d uː l ə /; from Ancient Greek δούλα 'female slave'; Greek pronunciation:) is a non-medical professional who provides guidance for the service of others and who supports another person (the doula's client) through a significant health-related experience, such as childbirth, miscarriage, induced abortion or ...
Modern birthing chair Modern birthing chair commonly seen.. As of the 1980s the birthing chair has been making a comeback in the modern medicine of childbirth. Some expecting mothers have reverted to the birthing chair for its upright position because it allows gravity to assist in the expulsion of the baby, and a position ''upright but more or less immobile'. [5]
Birthing classes, also termed antenatal classes, help the parents to prepare for the baby's birth and care of the newborn. Individual fears and concerns can be discussed with professionals and others in the class. Classes include learning about the process of labor and birth and various medications and other pain management options.
Birth is the act or process of bearing or bringing forth offspring, [1] also referred to in technical contexts as parturition. In mammals, the process is initiated by hormones which cause the muscular walls of the uterus to contract, expelling the fetus at a developmental stage when it is ready to feed and breathe.
Fine motor skills are involved in smaller movements that occur in the wrists, hands, fingers, and the feet and toes. They participate in smaller actions such as picking up objects between the thumb and finger, writing carefully, and even blinking. These two motor skills work together to provide coordination.
Reasons and motivations for choosing to give birth unassisted range greatly from mother to mother; those most frequently cited in unassisted childbirth literature and advocacy sites include [citation needed] the belief that birth is a normal function of the female body and therefore not a medical emergency. [22]