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The ovarian artery is an artery that supplies oxygenated blood to the ovary in females. It arises from the abdominal aorta below the renal artery . It can be found within the suspensory ligament of the ovary , anterior to the ovarian vein and ureter .
The ovary changes structure and function beginning at puberty. [2] Since the ovaries are able to regulate hormones, they also play an important role in pregnancy and fertility . When egg cells (oocytes) are released from the fallopian tube, a variety of feedback mechanisms stimulate the endocrine system, which cause hormone levels to change. [ 10 ]
It forms from embryonic mesenchyme and contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves. This stroma forms the tissue of the hilum by which the ovarian ligament is attached, and through which the blood vessels enter: it does not contain any ovarian follicles .
It is not considered a true ligament in that it does not physically support any anatomical structures; however it is an important landmark and it houses the ovarian vessels. The suspensory ligament is directed upward over the iliac vessels .
The stroma of the ovary is a unique type of connective tissue abundantly supplied with blood vessels, consisting for the most part of spindle-shaped stroma cells. These appear similar to fibroblasts. The stroma also contains ordinary connective tissue such as reticular fibers and collagen. Ovarian stroma differs from typical connective tissue ...
A depiction of the ovarian cycle in animals. In human adult females, the primordial follicle is composed of a single oocyte surrounded by a layer of closely associated granulosa cells. In early stages of the ovarian cycle, the developing follicle acquires a layer of connective tissue and associated blood vessels. This covering is called the theca.
Its major function is to accept a fertilized ovum, which becomes implanted into the endometrium, and derives nourishment from blood vessels, which develop exclusively for this purpose. The fertilized ovum becomes an embryo , develops into a fetus and gestates until childbirth .
These are different arteries in women (ovarian vein) and men (testicular vein), but share the same embryological origin. [ 1 ] The termination of the two gonadal veins in an individual is usually asymmetrical, with the left one draining into the left renal vein, and the right one draining into the inferior vena cava.