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Each language is assigned a two-letter (set 1) and three-letter lowercase abbreviation (sets 2–5). [2] Part 1 of the standard, ISO 639-1 defines the two-letter codes, and Part 3 (2007), ISO 639-3 , defines the three-letter codes, aiming to cover all known natural languages , largely superseding the ISO 639-2 three-letter code standard.
The Constitution of Myanmar officially refers to it as the Myanmar language in English, [3] though most English speakers continue to refer to the language as Burmese, after Burma—a name with co-official status until 1989 (see Names of Myanmar). Burmese is the most widely-spoken language in the country, where it serves as the lingua franca. [4]
Today, Burmese is the primary language of instruction, and English is the secondary language taught. [9] English was the primary language of instruction in higher education from late 19th century to 1964, when Gen. Ne Win mandated educational reforms to "Burmanise". [10] English continues to be used by educated urbanites and the national ...
ISO 639 is a set of international standards that lists short codes for language names. The following is a complete list of three-letter codes defined in part two ( ISO 639-2 ) of the standard, [ 1 ] including the corresponding two-letter ( ISO 639-1 ) codes where they exist.
According to the replacement, the name of the dominant ethnicity of Burma, whose people speak the Burmese language, is "Bamar" (again, final "r" only added to denote a long "a" in Burmese). Thus, Myanmar is a country inhabited by the Bamars plus many minorities; and the Bamars and minorities are collectively known as Myanma people. [citation ...
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The Burmese language, especially the colloquial form, has borrowed daily vocabulary from English, especially as portmanteaus with native Burmese vocabulary. For instance, the Burmese word for 'ball' is bawlon (ဘော လုံး, lit. ' round ball '), while the Burmese word for bus is bat-sa-ka (ဘတ်စ ကား, lit. ' bus car ').
Burmese is an agglutinative language. It has a subject-object-verb word order and is head-final . Particles are heavily utilized to convey syntactic functions, with wide divergence between literary and colloquial forms.