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The nervous system segmentation confers several developmental advantages to the vertebrate body as humans possess a body plan that is bilaterally segmented at the nervous system level. The segmentation is involved at all levels of the human nervous system with increasing level of complexity in the innervation from the brain to limbs. [1]
Deep dissection of brain-stem showing decussation. The decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle is the crossing of fibers of the superior cerebellar peduncle across the midline, and is located at the level of the inferior colliculi.
Brain at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) (view tree for regions of the brain) BrainMaps.org; BrainInfo (University of Washington) "Brain Anatomy and How the Brain Works". Johns Hopkins Medicine. 14 July 2021. "Brain Map". Queensland Health. 12 July 2022.
The Anatomy of the Cerebellum can be viewed at three levels. At the level of gross anatomy , the cerebellum consists of a tightly folded and crumpled layer of cortex , with white matter underneath, several deep nuclei embedded in the white matter, and a fluid-filled ventricle in the middle. [ 1 ]
In 1316, Mondino de Luzzi's Anathomia began the modern study of brain anatomy. [231] Niccolò Massa discovered in 1536 that the ventricles were filled with fluid. [232] Archangelo Piccolomini of Rome was the first to distinguish between the cerebrum and cerebral cortex. [233] In 1543 Andreas Vesalius published his seven-volume De humani ...
Wound scars in the brain largely contain astrocytes. The extracellular matrix also provides support on the molecular level for the brain's cells, vehiculating substances to and from the blood vessels. At the organ level, the nervous system is composed of brain regions, such as the hippocampus in mammals or the mushroom bodies of the fruit fly. [11]
Association neurons are located in the grey matter of the spinal cord and the brain. The CNS is protected by the cranium, vertebral column, meninges, cerebrospinal fluid. The spinal cord is an extension of the brain. The spinal cord and the brain stem are joined at the base of the cranium at the foramen magnum. Most of the functions of the head ...
It includes spinal cord segments from about C4 to T1. The vertebral levels of the enlargement are roughly the same (C4 to T1). Lumbosacral enlargement - corresponds to the lumbosacral plexus nerves, which innervate the lower limb. It comprises the spinal cord segments from L2 to S3 and is found about the vertebral levels of T9 to T12.