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The methodology used in Timelapse of the Entire Universe. In 2012, a short, one-and-a-half-minute film by Boswell, Our Story in 1 Minute, is published. It is a shorter version of Timelapse of the Entire Universe, specifically in one minute and 29 seconds, and used closed captions to evoke reflection on humanity. It also used imageries from this ...
The universe contains pulsars, black holes, and brown dwarfs, barely lit up by white dwarfs. Over time, gravity ejects most cosmic remnants into the freezing interstellar space. Notably, neutron stars may collide and make superluminous supernovae. Extraterrestrial life might live around aging white dwarfs, which someday die and become black dwarfs.
Equatorial gravity: m/s 2 g: 274.0 27.94 Escape velocity: km/s: 617.7 Rotation period days: 25.38 Orbital period about Galactic Center [4] million years 225–250 Mean orbital speed [4] km/s: ≈ 220 Axial tilt to the ecliptic: deg. 7.25 Axial tilt to the galactic plane: deg. 67.23 Mean surface temperature: K: 5,778 Mean coronal temperature [5 ...
By this time, the universe will have expanded by a factor of approximately 10 2554. [131] 1.1–1.2×10 14 (110–120 trillion) The time by which all stars in the universe will have exhausted their fuel (the longest-lived stars, low-mass red dwarfs, have lifespans of roughly 10–20 trillion years). [9]
Highest Lowest Highest Lowest Highest Lowest Sun: N/A 5,000,000 K In a solar flare [33] 1240 K In a sunspot [34] Mercury: 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) Caloris Montes, northwest Caloris Basin rim mountains [35] [36] 723 K Dayside of Mercury [37] 89 K Permanently shaded polar craters [38] Venus: 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) Maxwell Montes, Ishtar Terra [39 ...
To understand Einstein's equations as partial differential equations, it is helpful to formulate them in a way that describes the evolution of the universe over time. This is done in "3+1" formulations, where spacetime is split into three space dimensions and one time dimension. The best-known example is the ADM formalism. [174]
Gravitational time dilation is a form of time dilation, an actual difference of elapsed time between two events, as measured by observers situated at varying distances from a gravitating mass. The lower the gravitational potential (the closer the clock is to the source of gravitation), the slower time passes, speeding up as the gravitational ...
The gravity g′ at depth d is given by g′ = g(1 − d/R) where g is acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the Earth, d is depth and R is the radius of the Earth. If the density decreased linearly with increasing radius from a density ρ 0 at the center to ρ 1 at the surface, then ρ ( r ) = ρ 0 − ( ρ 0 − ρ 1 ) r / R , and the ...