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For example, for a starting hCG level of 1,500 mIU/ml or less, the hCG of continuing, normal pregnancy will increase at least 49% in 48 hours. However, for pregnancies with a higher starting hCG, between 1,500 and 3,000 mIU/ml, the hCG should rise at least 40%; for a starting hCG greater than 3,000 mIU/ml, the hCG should increase at least 33%. [30]
Concentrations are commonly reported in thousandth international units per milliliter (mIU/mL). The international unit of hCG was originally established in 1938 and has been redefined in 1964 and in 1980. [15] At the present time, 1 international unit is equal to approximately 2.35×10 −12 moles, [16] or about 6×10 −8 grams. [17]
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The levels of hCG in the body increase rapidly in the first few weeks of pregnancy, doubling every 48–72 hours. [7] The highest level of hCG is reached in week 10 or week 11, later the levels of hCG can be used to estimate the age of the fetus and monitor the progress of the pregnancy. [6]
Biochemically, pregnancy starts when a woman's human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels rise above 25 mIU/mL. [5] Biologically, pregnancy starts at implantation of the fertilized egg. Human pregnancy can be divided into three trimesters, each approximately three months long: the first, second, and third trimester.
For example, with the urine concentration of hCG as a continuous value, a urine pregnancy test that measured 52 mIU/ml of hCG may show as "positive" with 50 mIU/ml as cutoff, but is in fact in an interval of uncertainty, which may be apparent only by knowing the original continuous value. On the other hand, a test result very far from the ...
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An hCG ratio of 0.87, that is, a decrease in hCG of 13% over 48 hours, has a sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 97% for predicting a failing pregnancy of unknown location (PUL). [5] The majority of cases of ectopic pregnancy will have serial serum hCG levels that increase more slowly than would be expected with an IUP (that is, a suboptimal ...