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On Floating Bodies (Greek: Περὶ τῶν ἐπιπλεόντων σωμάτων) is a work, originally in two books, by Archimedes, one of the most important mathematicians, physicists, and engineers of antiquity.
In On Floating Bodies, Archimedes suggested that (c. 246 BC): Any object, totally or partially immersed in a fluid or liquid, is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. Archimedes' principle allows the buoyancy of any floating object partially or fully immersed in a fluid to be calculated.
A typical page from the Archimedes Palimpsest. The text of the prayer book is seen from top to bottom, the original Archimedes manuscript is seen as fainter text below it running from left to right Discovery reported in the New York Times on July 16, 1907
Flotation of flexible objects is a phenomenon in which the bending of a flexible material allows an object to displace a greater amount of fluid than if it were completely rigid.
In his work On Floating Bodies, Archimedes demonstrated that the orientation of a floating object is the one that makes its center of mass as low as possible. He developed mathematical techniques for finding the centers of mass of objects of uniform density of various well-defined shapes.
Stable floating objects have a natural rolling frequency, just like a weight on a spring, where the frequency is increased as the spring gets stiffer. In a boat, the equivalent of the spring stiffness is the distance called "GM" or "metacentric height", being the distance between two points: "G" the centre of gravity of the boat and "M", which ...
The design of watercraft requires a tradeoff among internal capacity (), speed and seaworthiness.Tonnage is important for transport of goods, speed is important for warships and racing vessels, and the degree of seaworthiness varies according to the bodies of water on which a watercraft is used.
The specific depth (or proximity to a boundary) at which the hydrodynamic added mass is affected depends on the body's geometry and location and shape of a boundary (e.g., a dock, seawall, bulkhead, or the seabed). The hydrodynamic added mass associated with a freely sinking object near a boundary is similar to that of a floating body.