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Clozapine, sold under the brand name Clozaril among others, is a psychiatric medication and was the first atypical antipsychotic to be discovered. [6] It is primarily used to treat people with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder who have had an inadequate response to two other antipsychotics, or who have been unable to tolerate other drugs due to extrapyramidal side effects.
The atypical antipsychotics (AAP), also known as second generation antipsychotics (SGAs) and serotonin–dopamine antagonists (SDAs), [1] [2] are a group of antipsychotic drugs (antipsychotic drugs in general are also known as tranquilizers and neuroleptics, although the latter is usually reserved for the typical antipsychotics) largely introduced after the 1970s and used to treat psychiatric ...
The atypical antipsychotic clozapine has also been suggested as an alternative antipsychotic for patients experiencing tardive dyskinesia. [9] Tardive dyskinesia may reverse upon discontinuation of the offending agent or it may be irreversible, withdrawal may also make tardive dyskinesia more severe.
No other atypical studied (risperidone, quetiapine, and ziprasidone) did better than the first-generation antipsychotic perphenazine on the measures used, nor did they produce fewer adverse effects than the typical antipsychotic perphenazine, although more patients discontinued perphenazine owing to extrapyramidal effects compared to the ...
Remeron (mirtazapine) – an atypical antidepressant, used off-label as a sleep aid; Restoril – a benzodiazepine used to treat insomnia; Risperdal (risperidone) – atypical antipsychotic used to treat schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and irritability associated with autism; Ritalin (methylphenidate) – a stimulant used to treat ADHD
Atypical antipsychotics include Amisulpride, Aripiprazole, Clozapine, Olanzapine, Paliperidone, and Quetiapine. [3] While both types of antipsychotic drugs are effective, the main differences are that atypical ones generally have fewer side effects compared to typical ones.
Clotiapine (Entumine) is an atypical antipsychotic [2] of the dibenzothiazepine chemical class. [3] It was first introduced in a few European countries (namely, Belgium, Italy, Spain and Switzerland), Argentina, Taiwan and Israel in 1970.
N-Desmethylclozapine (NDMC), or norclozapine, is a major active metabolite of the atypical antipsychotic drug clozapine. [1] [2]Unlike clozapine, it possesses intrinsic activity at the D 2 /D 3 receptors, and acts as a weak partial agonist at these sites similarly to aripiprazole and bifeprunox. [3]