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Proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis is the electrolysis of water in a cell equipped with a solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) [3] that is responsible for the conduction of protons, separation of product gases, and electrical insulation of the electrodes. The PEM electrolyzer was introduced to overcome the issues of partial load, low ...
Polymer electrolyte membrane electrolysis is a technique by which proton-exchange membranes are used to decompose water into hydrogen and oxygen gas. [21] The proton-exchange membrane allows for the separation of produced hydrogen from oxygen, allowing either product to be exploited as needed.
Typical proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysers require desalination. Indirect seawater electrolysis involves two steps: desalting seawater using a pre-treatment device and then producing hydrogen through traditional water electrolysis. This method improves efficiency, reduces corrosion, and extends catalyst lifespan. [21]
The proton-exchange membrane is commonly made of materials such as perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA, sold commercially as Nafion and Aquivion), which minimize gas crossover and short circuiting of the fuel cell. A disadvantage of fluor containing polymers is the fact that during production (and disposal) PFAS products are formed.
A unitized regenerative fuel cell (URFC) is a fuel cell based on the proton exchange membrane which can do the electrolysis of water in regenerative mode and function in the other mode as a fuel cell recombining oxygen and hydrogen gas to produce electricity. Both modes are done with the same fuel cell stack [1]
As a proton conductor, BCZYZn05 can be used throughout the cell without inducing parasitic electronic leakage while providing a supportive backbone throughout the cell. Using nano-indentation , the use of BCZYZn05 was found to increase the hardness of the fuel cell components while necessary electrochemical reactivity and conductivity.
8. Nikola Corporation (NASDAQ: NKLA)NKLA ranks 8th in our list of the best hydrogen fuel cell stocks to buy now. Nikola is one of the world’s most famous electric car technology companies.
It typically consists of an anode, cathode, and two ion exchange membranes. This configuration allows for efficient proton conduction and effective gas diffusion, making it suitable for various applications, including fuel cell vehicles and portable power systems. Research has shown that 5-layer MEAs can provide improved performance under ...