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A botnet is a group of Internet-connected devices, each of which runs one or more bots. Botnets can be used to perform distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, steal data, [1] send spam, and allow the attacker to access the device and its connection. The owner can control the botnet using command and control (C&C) software. [2]
Diagram of a DDoS attack. Note how multiple computers are attacking a single computer. In computing, a denial-of-service attack (DoS attack) is a cyber-attack in which the perpetrator seeks to make a machine or network resource unavailable to its intended users by temporarily or indefinitely disrupting services of a host connected to a network.
The attribution of the attack to the Mirai botnet had been previously reported by BackConnect Inc., another security firm. [35] Dyn stated that they were receiving malicious requests from tens of millions of IP addresses. [6] [36] Mirai is designed to brute-force the security on an IoT device, allowing it to be controlled remotely.
The attackers sent many ICMP ping packets using a botnet to each of the servers. However, because the servers were protected by packet filters which were configured to block all incoming ICMP ping packets, they did not sustain much damage and there was little to no impact on Internet users.
A fast-flux service network (FFSN) is a network infrastructure resultant of the fast-fluxed network of compromised hosts; the technique is also used by legitimate service providers such as content distribution networks (CDNs) where the dynamic IP address is converted to match the domain name of the internet host, usually for the purpose of load balancing using round-robin domain name system ...
A major form of this is to create a botnet of compromised devices and rent or sell it to another cybercriminal. Different botnets are equipped for different tasks such as DDOS attacks or password cracking. [56] It is also possible to buy the software used to create a botnet [57] and bots that load the purchaser's malware onto a botnet's devices ...
One example of blocking malicious domains is to stop botnets, by interrupting the DNS names the botnet is programmed to use for coordination. [8] Another use is to block ad serving sites, either using a hosts file-based sinkhole [9] or by locally running a DNS server (e.g., using a Pi-hole). Local DNS servers effectively block ads for all ...
The use of packets with a false source IP address is not always evidence of malicious intent. For example, in performance testing of websites, hundreds or even thousands of "vusers" (virtual users) may be created, each executing a test script against the website under test, in order to simulate what will happen when the system goes "live" and a large number of users log in simultaneously.