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Some versions of brane cosmology, based on the large extra dimension idea, can explain the weakness of gravity relative to the other fundamental forces of nature, thus solving the hierarchy problem. In the brane picture, the electromagnetic , weak and strong nuclear force are localized on the brane, but gravity has no such constraint and ...
A point particle is a 0-brane, of dimension zero; a string, named after vibrating musical strings, is a 1-brane; a membrane, named after vibrating membranes such as drumheads, is a 2-brane. [2] The corresponding object of arbitrary dimension p is called a p -brane, a term coined by M. J. Duff et al. in 1988.
In string theory and related theories such as supergravity theories, a brane is a physical object that generalizes the notion of a point particle to higher dimensions. For example, a point particle can be viewed as a brane of dimension zero, while a string can be viewed as a brane of dimension one.
The model is a braneworld theory developed while trying to solve the hierarchy problem of the Standard Model.It involves a finite five-dimensional bulk that is extremely warped and contains two branes: the Planckbrane (where gravity is a relatively strong force; also called "Gravitybrane") and the Tevbrane (our home with the Standard Model particles; also called "Weakbrane").
Chapter 13, "The Universe on a Brane", expands on ideas from chapter 12, particularly on M-theory, of which string theory is a branch. This chapter is devoted to speculations on space and time. The insights of a number of physicists, including Edward Witten and Paul Dirac, are presented. The focus of the chapter becomes gravity and its ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 28 December 2024. Hypothetical group of multiple universes Not to be confused with Metaverse. "Multiverses" redirects here. For the crossover fighting game, see MultiVersus. For other uses, see Multiverse (disambiguation). Part of a series on Physical cosmology Big Bang · Universe Age of the universe ...
The simulated multiverse implies that technological leaps suggest that the universe is just a simulation. The ultimate multiverse is the ultimate theory, saying the principle of fecundity asserts that every possible universe is a real universe, thereby obviating the question of why one possibility – ours – is special. These universes ...
A brane is a spatially extended mathematical concept that appears in M-theory. It may also refer to: It may also refer to: Brane cosmology , several theories in particle physics and cosmology related to superstring theory and M-theory