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Erythropoietin (/ ɪ ˌ r ɪ θ r oʊ ˈ p ɔɪ. ɪ t ɪ n,-r ə-,-p ɔɪ ˈ ɛ t ɪ n,-ˈ iː t ɪ n /; [1] [2] [3] EPO), also known as erythropoetin, haematopoietin, or haemopoietin, is a glycoprotein cytokine secreted mainly by the kidneys in response to cellular hypoxia; it stimulates red blood cell production (erythropoiesis) in the bone marrow.
In postnatal birds and mammals (including humans), this usually occurs within the red bone marrow. [2] In the early fetus, erythropoiesis takes place in the mesodermal cells of the yolk sac. By the third or fourth month, erythropoiesis moves to the liver. [3] After seven months, erythropoiesis occurs in the bone marrow.
Epoetin alfa, sold under the brand name Epogen among others, is a human erythropoietin produced in cell culture using recombinant DNA technology. [8] [9] Epoetin alfa is an erythropoiesis-stimulating agent. [8]
The following is a list of hormones found in Homo sapiens.Spelling is not uniform for many hormones. For example, current North American and international usage uses [citation needed] estrogen and gonadotropin, while British usage retains the Greek digraph in oestrogen and favours the earlier spelling gonadotrophin.
Erythropoietin is a sialoglycoprotein hormone produced by peritubular cells of kidney. Granulocyte -macrophage colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte CSF are given to stimulate white blood cell formation in cancer patients who are receiving chemotherapy , which tends to kill their red bone marrow cells as well as the cancer cells.
Epoetin beta , sold under the brand name Neorecormon among others, is a synthetic, recombinant [4] form of erythropoietin, a protein that promotes the production of red blood cells. It is an erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) that is used to treat anemia , commonly associated with chronic kidney failure and cancer chemotherapy .
Research into how low T levels affect memory hasn't come up with a definitive cause-and-effect relationship. But it's clear that as men age and their T levels drop, their cognitive abilities ...
Erythropoietin in neuroprotection is the use of the glycoprotein erythropoietin (Epo) for neuroprotection. Epo controls erythropoiesis , or red blood cell production. Erythropoietin and its receptor were thought to be present in the central nervous system according to experiments with antibodies that were subsequently shown to be nonspecific.