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Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is an altered level of consciousness as a result of liver failure. [2] Its onset may be gradual or sudden. [ 2 ] Other symptoms may include movement problems, changes in mood , or changes in personality . [ 2 ]
The exact definition of "rapid" is somewhat debatable, and different sub-divisions exist, which are based on the time from onset of first hepatic symptoms to onset of encephalopathy. One scheme defines "acute hepatic failure" as the development of encephalopathy within 26 weeks of the onset of any hepatic symptoms.
It may also present with Hepatic encephalopathy (brain dysfunction due to liver failure) causing symptoms such as confusion, decreased levels of consciousness, or asterixis, [5] (a characteristic flapping movement when the wrist is extended indicative of hepatic encephalopathy).
The exact definition of "rapid" is somewhat questionable, and different sub-divisions exist which are based on the time from onset of first hepatic symptoms to onset of encephalopathy. One scheme defines "acute hepatic failure" as the development of encephalopathy within 26 weeks of the onset of any hepatic symptoms.
Encephalopathy is a difficult term because it can be used to denote either a disease or finding (i.e., an observable sign in a person). [citation needed] When referring to a finding, encephalopathy refers to permanent (or degenerative) [11] brain injury, or a reversible one. It can be due to direct injury to the brain, or illness remote from ...
Age and comorbid conditions can result in a more prolonged and severe illness. Certain patients warrant hospitalization, especially those who present with clinical signs of ascites, peripheral edema, and hepatic encephalopathy, and laboratory signs of hypoglycemia, prolonged prothrombin time, low serum albumin, and very high serum bilirubin. [17]
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Liver disease, or hepatic disease, is any of many diseases of the liver. [1] If long-lasting it is termed chronic liver disease . [ 3 ] Although the diseases differ in detail, liver diseases often have features in common.