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  2. Civilization and Its Discontents - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civilization_and_Its...

    Primitive instincts—for example, the desire to kill and the insatiable craving for sexual gratification—are harmful to the collective wellbeing of a human community. Laws that prohibit violence, murder, rape and adultery were developed over the course of history as a result of recognition of their harm, implementing severe punishments if ...

  3. Sociocultural evolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociocultural_evolution

    The idea of progress led to that of a fixed "stages" through which human societies progress, usually numbering three – savagery, barbarism, and civilization – but sometimes many more. At that time, anthropology was rising as a new scientific discipline, separating from the traditional views of "primitive" cultures that was usually based on ...

  4. Cultural evolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_evolution

    Cultural evolution is an evolutionary theory of social change.It follows from the definition of culture as "information capable of affecting individuals' behavior that they acquire from other members of their species through teaching, imitation and other forms of social transmission". [1]

  5. Primitive Culture (book) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primitive_Culture_(book)

    Both Tylor and Morgan aligned somewhat with this viewpoint, Morgan believing in stages in order from savagery, barbarism, to civilization, and Tylor concluding that savagery is the lower stage of civilization.

  6. Noble savage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myth_of_the_Noble_savage

    Roman historian Tacitus introduced the idea of the noble savage in his historical work Germania, describes the ancient Germanic people in terms that precede the notion.. The first century Roman work De origine et situ Germanorum (On the Origin and Situation of the Germans) by Publius Cornelius Tacitus introduced the idea of the noble savage to the Western World in 98 AD, describing the ancient ...

  7. Madness and Civilization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madness_and_Civilization

    Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason (French: Folie et Déraison: Histoire de la folie à l'âge classique, 1961) [i] is an examination by Michel Foucault of the evolution of the meaning of madness in the cultures and laws, politics, philosophy, and medicine of Europe—from the Middle Ages until the end of the 18th century—and a critique of the idea of ...

  8. Civilization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civilization

    Ancient Egypt provides an example of an early culture civilization. [1] A civilization (also spelled civilisation in British English) is any complex society characterized by the development of the state, social stratification, urbanization, and symbolic systems of communication beyond signed or spoken languages (namely, writing systems and ...

  9. Edward Burnett Tylor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Burnett_Tylor

    Tylor maintained that all societies passed through three basic stages of development: from savagery, through barbarism to civilization. [2] Tylor is a founding figure of the science of social anthropology, and his scholarly works helped to build the discipline of anthropology in the nineteenth century. [ 3 ]