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Early childhood intervention came about as a natural progression from special education for children with disabilities (Guralnick, 1997). Many early childhood intervention support services began as research units in universities (for example, Syracuse University in the United States and Macquarie University in Australia) while others were developed out of organizations helping older children.
In the 1930s and 1940s we see more government intervention: the implementation of the New Deal and the Lanham Act led to financial investment in early childhood education programs. This is also when we see the implementation of the Head Start program, which is focused on providing low-income children with early childhood education services. [2]
It has been found that in their earliest school years, poor children lag behind others, suggesting they were ill-prepared for schooling. [1] The Abecedarian project was inspired by the fact that few other early childhood programs could provide a sufficiently well-controlled environment to determine the effectiveness of early childhood training.
In recent years, early childhood education [4] has become a prevalent public policy issue, as funding for preschool and pre-K is debated by municipal, state, and federal lawmakers. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] Governing entities are also debating the central focus of early childhood education with debate on developmental appropriate play versus strong ...
In 1994, the Early Head Start program was established to serve children from birth to age three, in an effort to capitalize on research evidence that showed that the first three years are critical to children's long-term development. [citation needed]
Early intervention programs for children living in low socioeconomic situations, such as the Head Start Program, began showing up around the country. [6] Education was soon at the forefront of many political agendas. As of the early 1970s, U.S. public schools accommodated 1 out of 5 children with disabilities. [7]
Studies on the effectiveness of early detection show that when quality screening tests are used routinely, early detection and early intervention enrollment rates rise to meet prevalence figures identified by the Centers for Disease Control (e.g., see The National Library of Medicine for supporting studies and an example of an effective ...
In education, Response to Intervention (RTI or RtI) is an academic approach used to provide early, systematic, and appropriately intensive supplemental instruction and support to children who are at risk of or currently performing below grade or age level standards.