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The facet joints (also zygapophysial joints, zygapophyseal, apophyseal, or Z-joints) are a set of synovial, plane joints between the articular processes of two adjacent vertebrae. There are two facet joints in each spinal motion segment and each facet joint is innervated by the recurrent meningeal nerves.
Facet syndrome is a syndrome in which the facet joints (synovial diarthroses) cause painful symptoms. [1] In conjunction with degenerative disc disease , a distinct but functionally related condition, facet arthropathy is believed to be one of the most common causes of lower back pain.
Facet cyst or Postoperative synovial facet cysts is the cyst of Lumbar intraspinal synovial joint and ganglion. [1] The cause of facet cysts is not well known. [2]
Facet joint arthrosis is an intervertebral disc disorder.The facet joints or zygapophyseal joints are synovial cartilage covered joints that limit the movement of the spine and preserve segmental stability.
The centre of rotation of the subtalar joint is thought to be in the region of the middle facet. [3] It is considered a plane synovial joint, also commonly referred to as a gliding joint. [6] It acts as a hinge connecting the talus and calcaneus. There is extensive variation in the inclination from horizontal. [7]
synovial joint – not directly joined – the bones have a synovial cavity and are united by the dense irregular connective tissue that forms the articular capsule that is normally associated with accessory ligaments. [9] facet joint – joint between two articular processes between two vertebrae. [10] [11]
The costotransverse joint is the joint formed between the facet of the tubercle of the rib and the adjacent transverse process of a thoracic vertebra. The costotransverse joint is a plane type of synovial joint which, under physiological conditions, allows only gliding movement. [citation needed]
The facet and sacroiliac joints tend to be uninvolved. The thoracic spine is the most common level involved. [2] In the peripheral skeleton, DISH manifests as a calcific enthesopathy, with pathologic bone formation at sites where ligaments and tendons attach to bone.