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The process of assigning HS codes is known as "HS Classification". All products can be classified in the HS by using the General Rules for the Interpretation of the Harmonized System ("GRI") that must be applied in strict order. HS codes can be determined by a variety of factors including a product's composition, its form and its function.
The WCO maintains the international Harmonized System (HS) goods nomenclature, and administers the technical aspects of the World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreements on Customs Valuation and Rules of Origin. [3] [4] The WCO oversees the implementation of new technologies, artificial intelligence, to improve the efficiency of customs operations ...
The combined nomenclature shall comprise : (a) the harmonized system nomenclature; (b) Community subdivisions to that nomenclature, referred to as 'CN subheadings' in those cases where a corresponding rate of duty is specified; (c) preliminary provisions, additional section or chapter notes and footnotes relating to CN subheadings.
Trade data may be provided without commodity codes (i.e., a nation's total imports or exports), [22] or with only two-digit HS codes. [23] The most flexible and complete trade data sources, however, allow users to view statistical data at any level of detail: total of all commodities (i.e., total imports or total exports), [ 24 ] international ...
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A 2021 study found that across 151 countries over the period 1963–2014, "tariff increases are associated with persistent, economically and statistically significant declines in domestic output and productivity, as well as higher unemployment and inequality, real exchange rate appreciation, and insignificant changes to the trade balance." [71]
Compendium of Analytical Nomenclature: One extensive book on almost all nomenclature written (IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry and IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry) by IUPAC committee is the Compendium of Analytical Nomenclature (the "Orange Book"; 1st edition 1978). [53] This book was revised in 1987.
An International Nonproprietary Name (INN) is an official generic and nonproprietary name given to a pharmaceutical substance or an active ingredient, [1] encompassing compounds, peptides and low-molecular-weight proteins (e.g., insulin, hormones, cytokines), as well as complex biological products, such as those used for gene therapy. [2]