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Moraxella catarrhalis is a fastidious, nonmotile, Gram-negative, aerobic, oxidase-positive diplococcus that can cause infections of the respiratory system, middle ear, eye, central nervous system, and joints of humans. It causes the infection of the host cell by sticking to the host cell using trimeric autotransporter adhesins.
Moraxella is a genus of gram-negative bacteria in the family Moraxellaceae. It is named after the Swiss ophthalmologist Victor Morax . The organisms are short rods , coccobacilli , or as in the case of Moraxella catarrhalis , diplococci in morphology, with asaccharolytic, oxidase -positive, and catalase -positive properties. [ 2 ]
Examples of gram-negative diplococci are Neisseria spp. and Moraxella catarrhalis. Examples of gram-positive diplococci are Streptococcus pneumoniae and Enterococcus spp. [10] [11] Presumably, diplococcus has been implicated in encephalitis lethargica. [12] The genus Neisseria belongs to the family Neisseriaceae.
Neisseria cinerea has been formerly classified as many other organisms, including Moraxella catarrhalis and Neisseria pseudocatarrhalis.It is often mistaken for N. gonorrhoeae with which it shares morphological and biochemical traits.
Moraxella catarrhalis and Acinetobacter baumannii are human pathogens, and Moraxella bovis is the cause of "pinkeye" of cattle (infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis ...
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Gram-negative bacteria are seen less frequently: Haemophilus influenzae , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Bordetella pertussis, and Moraxella catarrhalis are the most common. These bacteria often live in the gut and enter the lungs when contents of the gut (such as vomit or faeces) are inhaled.
A food safety expert weighs in on flour bugs, also known as weevils, that can infest your pantry after one TikToker found her flour infested with the crawlers.