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The New Zealand land confiscations took place during the 1860s to punish the Kīngitanga movement for attempting to set up an alternative Māori form of government that forbade the selling of land to European settlers. The confiscation law targeted Kīngitanga Māori against whom the government had waged war to restore the rule of British law.
The Waitangi Sheet of the Treaty of Waitangi. The Treaty of Waitangi was first signed on 6 February 1840 by representatives of the British Crown and Māori chiefs from the North Island of New Zealand, with a further 500 signatures added later that year, including some from the South Island.
Governor Thomas Gore Browne.. The catalyst for the war was the disputed sale of 600 acres (2.4 km 2) of land known as the Pekapeka block, or Teira's block, at Waitara.The block's location perfectly suited European settlers' wish for a township and port to serve the north of the Taranaki district and its sale was viewed as a likely precedent for other sales that would open up for settlement all ...
The New Zealand Wars were previously referred to as the Land Wars or the Māori Wars, [6] and an earlier Māori-language name for the conflict was Te riri Pākehā ("the white man's anger"). [6] Historian James Belich popularised the name "New Zealand Wars" in the 1980s, [ 16 ] although according to Vincent O'Malley , the term was first used by ...
[2] [8] On 12 March 1863, 300 men from the 57th Regiment, led by Colonel Sir Henry James Warre, marched out to Omata to retake the land and a month later, on 4 April, Browne's successor, Governor Sir George Grey, marched to Tataraimaka with troops and built a redoubt and re-occupied the land in what the Waitangi Tribunal described as a hostile ...
Māori land under individual title became available to be sold to the colonial government or to settlers in private sales. Between 1840 and 1890, Māori sold 95 per cent of their land (63,000,000 of 66,000,000 acres (270,000 km 2) in 1890). In total 4 per cent of this was confiscated land, although about a quarter of this was returned. 300,000 ...
The term land loss includes coastal erosion. It is a much broader term than coastal erosion because land loss also includes land converted to open water around the edges of estuaries and interior bays and lakes and by subsidence of coastal plain wetlands. The most important causes of land loss in coastal plains are erosion, inadequate sediment ...
Edward was appointed to judicial positions: as Resident Magistrate for the Bay of Islands and in 1881 Edward was appointed a judge of the Native Land Court (which became the Māori Land Court) of New Zealand. Williams translated into Māori over 210 hymns and also The Pilgrim's Progress. [1] In 1860, he translated God Save the Queen into Maori. [3]