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The east side of Mount Baker in 2001. Sherman Crater is the deep depression south of the summit. Mount Baker (Nooksack: Kweq' Smánit; Lushootseed: təqʷubəʔ), [9] also known as Koma Kulshan or simply Kulshan, is a 10,781 ft (3,286 m) active [10] glacier-covered andesitic stratovolcano [4] in the Cascade Volcanic Arc and the North Cascades of Washington State in the United States.
During recorded history, eruptions at Mount Baker have mainly occurred from Sherman Crater. The earliest historical eruption took place in 1843, with more recent eruptions having occurred in 1852–1853, 1854, 1858, 1859–1860, 1863, 1870 and 1880. These eruptions ranked 2 and 3 on the Volcanic Explosivity Index. Possible but unconfirmed ...
Formation of the caldera about 1.149 [3] million years ago was accompanied by the largest eruption in the history of the Mount Baker volcanic field. [4] The eruption was subglacial, blasting upward through the continental ice sheet. [1] Over 124 km 3 [5] (29.7 cubic miles) of rhyodacite magma erupted from a shallow magma chamber in an ultra ...
The only volcanoes known to have produced eruptions within the VEI 7 range are Crater Lake, the Mt. Baker Volcanic Field, and the Lassen Volcanic Center. All of the exceptionally large caldera-forming eruptions within the cascades erupted silica-rich magmas, with the three VEI 7s erupting mainly rhyodacite and rhyolite .
The volcanoes with historical eruptions include: Mount Rainier, Glacier Peak, Mount Baker, Mount Hood, Lassen Peak, and Mount Shasta. Renewed volcanic activity in the Cascade Arc, such as the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, has offered a great deal of evidence about the structure of the Cascade Arc. One effect of the 1980 eruption was a ...
Mount St. Helens, once the fifth-tallest peak in Washington State, lost about 1,300 feet from its height of 9,677, according to the USGS. The highest part of the crater rim on the southwestern ...
In addition to these eruptions traced to Black Buttes, there are five lava flows in the vicinity for which geologists have failed to pinpoint the source vent. These deposits were erupted after Black Buttes went extinct, but before Mount Baker became active. They consist of rhyodacite (dated to 199,000 years ago) and basaltic andesite. [12]
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