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On a Riemannian manifold, one can define the conformal Laplacian as an operator on smooth functions; it differs from the Laplace–Beltrami operator by a term involving the scalar curvature of the underlying metric. In dimension n ≥ 3, the conformal Laplacian, denoted L, acts on a smooth function u by
Laplace–Beltrami operator, generalization to submanifolds in Euclidean space and Riemannian and pseudo-Riemannian manifold. The Laplacian in differential geometry. The discrete Laplace operator is a finite-difference analog of the continuous Laplacian, defined on graphs and grids.
When computing the Laplace–de Rham operator on a scalar function f, we have δf = 0, so that =. Up to an overall sign, the Laplace–de Rham operator is equivalent to the previous definition of the Laplace–Beltrami operator when acting on a scalar function; see the proof for details.
Gradient, divergence, Laplace–Beltrami operator [ edit ] The gradient of a function ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } is obtained by raising the index of the differential ∂ i ϕ d x i {\displaystyle \partial _{i}\phi dx^{i}} , whose components are given by:
Spectral shape analysis relies on the spectrum (eigenvalues and/or eigenfunctions) of the Laplace–Beltrami operator to compare and analyze geometric shapes. Since the spectrum of the Laplace–Beltrami operator is invariant under isometries, it is well suited for the analysis or retrieval of non-rigid shapes, i.e. bendable objects such as humans, animals, plants, etc.
In mathematics and physics, Laplace's equation is a second-order partial differential equation named after Pierre-Simon Laplace, who first studied its properties.This is often written as = or =, where = = is the Laplace operator, [note 1] is the divergence operator (also symbolized "div"), is the gradient operator (also symbolized "grad"), and (,,) is a twice-differentiable real-valued function.
It is analogous to the second derivative of the Heaviside step function in one dimension. It can be obtained by letting the Laplace operator work on the indicator function of some domain D. The Laplacian of the indicator can be thought of as having infinitely positive and negative values when evaluated very near the boundary of the domain D.
Poisson's equation is =, where is the Laplace operator, and and are real or complex-valued functions on a manifold. Usually, f {\displaystyle f} is given, and φ {\displaystyle \varphi } is sought. When the manifold is Euclidean space , the Laplace operator is often denoted as ∇ 2 , and so Poisson's equation is frequently written as ∇ 2 φ ...