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Both the fallacy of division and the fallacy of composition were addressed by Aristotle in Sophistical Refutations.. In the philosophy of the ancient Greek Anaxagoras, as claimed by the Roman atomist Lucretius, [6] it was assumed that the atoms constituting a substance must themselves have the salient observed properties of that substance: so atoms of water would be wet, atoms of iron would be ...
Diairesis (Ancient Greek: διαίρεσις, romanized: diaíresis, "division") is a form of classification used in ancient (especially Platonic) logic that serves to systematize concepts and come to definitions. When defining a concept using diairesis, one starts with a broad concept, then divides this into two or more specific sub-concepts ...
A philosophy that claims that science is inferior to intuition, with art and the conquest of the aesthetic being the ultimate transcendence of the human condition. irrealism A philosophy combining the phenomenalism and physicalism in epistemology with the view that either could be used interchangeably as agents of free will and study of the ...
Ethics (also known as moral philosophy) is the branch of philosophy that involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong conduct. [1] The field of ethics, along with aesthetics , concern matters of value , and thus comprise the branch of philosophy called axiology .
Practical philosophy concerns itself mainly with subjects that have applications in life, like the study of values, norms, politics, art, etc. [1] The modern division of philosophy into theoretical philosophy and practical philosophy [2] [3] has its origin in Aristotle's categories of natural and moral philosophy. [4]
Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems concerning matters such as existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is distinguished from other ways of addressing fundamental questions (such as mysticism , myth ) by being critical and generally systematic and by its reliance on rational argument . [ 3 ]
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Applied philosophy (philosophy from Greek: φιλοσοφία, philosophia, 'love of wisdom') is a branch of philosophy that studies philosophical problems of practical concern. The topic covers a broad spectrum of issues in environment , medicine , science , engineering , policy , law , politics , economics and education .