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In his book Inside Terrorism Bruce Hoffman offered an explanation of why the term terrorism becomes distorted: On one point, at least, everyone agrees: terrorism is a pejorative term. It is a word with intrinsically negative connotations that is generally applied to one's enemies and opponents, or to those with whom one disagrees and would ...
Nonviolent extremism is the expression of extremist ideas through nonviolent means, without the use of terrorism or political violence. It can be contrasted with violent extremism . Nonviolent extremism manifests from the same ideologies as violent extremism, including right wing extremism , left wing extremism , and religious extremism .
Extremism is "the quality or state of being extreme" or "the advocacy of extreme measures or views". [1] The term is primarily used in a political or religious sense to refer to an ideology that is considered (by the speaker or by some implied shared social consensus) to be far outside the mainstream attitudes of society. [2]
But the most fertile ground for extremism and fanaticism is changing. Israel’s war in Gaza is radicalizing a generation of young and intellectually competent Westerners.
Nationalist terrorism is a form of terrorism motivated by a nationalist agenda. Nationalist terrorists seek to form self-determination in some form, which may take the form of gaining greater autonomy, establishing a completely independent sovereign state (), or joining another existing sovereign state with which the nationalists identify (irredentism).
Stochastic terrorism is a type of extremism that occurs when an environment has "othered" a population or individual enough to stoke violence. Stochastic terrorism appears to be on the rise globally.
Violent extremism is a form of extremism that condones and enacts violence with ideological or deliberate intent, such as religious or political violence. [6] Violent extremist views often conflate with religious [12] and political violence, [13] and can manifest in connection with a range of issues, including politics, [1] [4] religion, [7] [14] and gender relations.
Radicalization can result in both violent and nonviolent action – academic literature focuses on radicalization into violent extremism (RVE) or radicalisation leading to acts of terrorism. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Multiple separate pathways can promote the process of radicalization, which can be independent but are usually mutually reinforcing.