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The screw pump is the oldest positive displacement pump. [1] The first records of a water screw, or screw pump, date back to Hellenistic Egypt before the 3rd century BC. [1] [3] The Egyptian screw, used to lift water from the Nile, was composed of tubes wound round a cylinder; as the entire unit rotates, water is lifted within the spiral tube to the higher elevation.
The screw was also apparently applied to drilling and moving materials (besides water) around this time, when images of augers and drills began to appear in European paintings. [12] The complete dynamic theory of simple machines, including the screw, was worked out by Italian scientist Galileo Galilei in 1600 in Le Meccaniche ("On Mechanics").
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Three principal forms exist; In its simplest form (the Archimedes' screw pump or 'water screw'), a single screw rotates in a cylindrical cavity, thereby gravitationally trapping some material on top of a section of the screw as if it was a scoop, and progressively moving the material along the screw's axle until it is discharged at the top.
The description of this crane was recorded in the Library of Alexandria, and subsequent engineers would draw upon Archimedes' ideas until the first technical drawings of a worm drive were developed by Leonardo da Vinci; [6] the design was limited by the fact that metallic gears had not been invented by the advent of the 15th century, and the ...
A screw turbine at a small hydro power plant in Goryn, Poland. The Archimedean screw is an ancient invention, attributed to Archimedes of Syracuse (287–212 BC.), and commonly used to raise water from a watercourse for irrigation purposes.
1 Diagram. 4 comments. 2 screw equations. 2 comments. 3 Top Animation. 4 comments. 4 Too much information of the "wrong" kind. 9 comments. Toggle the table of contents.
The Death of Archimedes (1815) by Thomas Degeorge [29] Plutarch (45–119 AD) provides at least two accounts on how Archimedes died after Syracuse was taken. [20] According to the most popular account, Archimedes was contemplating a mathematical diagram when the city was captured.