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The Fixed Bed Nuclear Reactor (FBNR) is a simple, small, proliferation resistant, inherently safe and passively cooled nuclear reactor with reduced environmental impact. [1] The reactor is being developed under the auspice of the International Atomic Energy Agency. Its science and technology is in the public domain.
A fluidized bed reactor (FBR) is a type of reactor device that can be used to carry out a variety of multiphase chemical reactions. In this type of reactor, a fluid (gas or liquid) is passed through a solid granular material (usually a catalyst) at high enough speeds to suspend the solid and cause it to behave as though it were a fluid.
A fixed bed reactor is a cylindrical tube filled with catalyst pellets with reactants flowing through the bed and being converted into products. The catalyst may have multiple configuration including: one large bed, several horizontal beds, several parallel packed tubes, multiple beds in their own shells.
Packed bed reactors are reactor vessels containing a fixed bed of catalytic material, they are widely used in the chemical process industry and find primary use in heterogeneous, gas-phase, catalytic reactions. The advantages of using a packed bed reactor include the high conversion of reactants per unit mass of catalyst, relatively low ...
As the vaporized reactants flow through the fixed bed of catalyst in the reactor, the major reaction is the dehydrogenation of naphthenes to aromatics (as described earlier herein) which is highly endothermic and results in a large temperature decrease between the inlet and outlet of the reactor. To maintain the required reaction temperature ...
The Penex process uses fixed-bed catalysts containing chlorides. [6] As this is an equilibrium reaction, 100% conversion of the normal isomers is not achieved. The maximum octane number of the product is achieved by separating the unconverted normals using a molecular sieve (Molex technology) and returning them to the reactor. [5]
A bubble column reactor is a chemical reactor that belongs to the general class of multiphase reactors, which consists of three main categories: trickle bed reactor (fixed or packed bed), fluidized bed reactor, and bubble column reactor. [1]
In an industrial hydrodesulfurization unit, such as in a refinery, the hydrodesulfurization reaction takes place in a fixed-bed reactor at elevated temperatures ranging from 300 to 400 °C and elevated pressures ranging from 30 to 130 atmospheres of absolute pressure, typically in the presence of a catalyst consisting of an alumina base ...