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Southern British tribes before the Roman invasion. In common with other regions on the edge of the empire, Britain had enjoyed diplomatic and trading links with the Romans in the century since Julius Caesar's expeditions in 55 and 54 BC, and Roman economic and cultural influence was a significant part of the British late pre-Roman Iron Age, especially in the south.
As the Roman Empire expanded northwards, Rome began to take interest in Britain. This may have been caused by an influx of refugees from Roman occupied Europe, or Britain's large mineral reserves. See Roman Britain for the history of this subsequent period.
Before the Romans came to Britain, and with them the advent of written records of the region, the majority of Britain was Celtic. How and when these peoples arrived in the British Isles is a matter of much conjecture; see Celtic settlement of Great Britain and Ireland for more details.
Roman Britain was the territory that became the Roman province of Britannia after the Roman conquest of Britain, consisting of a large part of the island of Great Britain. The occupation lasted from AD 43 to AD 410. [1] [2] Julius Caesar invaded Britain in 55 and 54 BC as part of his Gallic Wars. [3]
Saxon mercenaries existed in Britain since before the late Roman period, but the main influx of population probably happened after the fifth century. The precise nature of these invasions is not fully known; there are doubts about the legitimacy of historical accounts due to a lack of archaeological finds.
Pre-Roman Britain may refer to: British Iron Age, the period immediately before the arrival of the Romans; Prehistoric Britain in general
July – Julius Caesar invades Britain and defeats the Catuvellauni under Cassivellaunus. [19] September – Tribute fixed, and peace agreed between the Catevellauni and the Trinovantes, allied with Rome. Romans return to Gaul. [19] 50 BC Fleeing to Britain after a failed revolt in Gaul, Commius becomes chieftain of the Atrebates. [19] 34 BC
43: Roman invasion of Britain, ordered by Claudius, who dispatches Aulus Plautius and an army of some 40,000 men; 60: Revolt against the Roman occupation, led by Boudica of the Iceni, begins; c. 84: Romans defeat Caledonians at the battle of Mons Graupius; 122: Construction of Hadrian's Wall begins. [1] 142: Construction of Antonine Wall in ...