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The Constitution of 3 May 1791 [a] (Polish: Konstytucja 3 Maja 1791 roku) is an 1891 Romantic oil painting on canvas by the Polish artist Jan Matejko.It is a large piece, and one of Matejko's best known.
The Battle of Grunwald is a painting by Jan Matejko depicting the Battle of Grunwald and the victory of the allied Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania over the Teutonic Order in 1410. The canvas dates to 1878 and is one of the most heroic representations of the history of Poland and Lithuania. [1]
Union of Lublin (Polish: Unia lubelska) is an oil painting by the Polish artist Jan Matejko, finished in 1869, depicting the Union of Lublin. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The work is owned by the National Museum in Warsaw [ 4 ] and is displayed at the National Museum in Lublin .
Matejko was born on 24 June 1838, in the Free City of Kraków. [2] His father, Franciszek Ksawery Matejko (Czech: František Xaver Matějka) (born 1789 or 13 January 1793, died 26 October 1860), a Czech from the village of Roudnice, was a graduate of the Hradec Králové school who later became a tutor and music teacher. [2]
On the canvas, Matejko depicted Kleparski Square, filled with crowds of people.In the background, the buildings of Krakow, flooded with the light of the rising sun, are shown: on the right, the Barbican, St. Florian's Gate and in the distance, the towers of St. Mary's Church, on the left, behind the gate there is the silhouette of the university collegiate church of St. Florian.
Matejko began to paint the Prussian Homage on Christmas Eve 1879 and finished it in 1882. [2] He donated it to the Polish nation [n 1] [3] during the meeting of the Diet of Galicia (Sejm Krajowy) in Lwów (Lviv) on 7 October 1882 [4] to start a collection designed to revive the remodelling of Wawel Castle. [3]
The Matejko Jubilee Committee which intended to purchase his painting Jan Sobieski pod Wiedniem [] (Jan Sobieski at Vienna) collected funds to purchase that painting, but during the celebration of the 200th anniversary of the relief of Vienna, Matejko announced that he had decided to donate the painting to the Pope on behalf of the Polish nation. [6]