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Augustine of Hippo, also known as Saint Augustine or Saint Austin, [38] is known by various cognomens throughout the many denominations of the Christian world, including Blessed Augustine and the Doctor of Grace [20] (Latin: Doctor gratiae). Hippo Regius, where Augustine was the bishop, was in modern-day Annaba, Algeria. [39] [40]
Augustine sacrifices to an idol of the Manichaeans. Before his conversion to Christianity in 387, Augustine adhered to three deterministic philosophies: Stoicism, Neoplatonism and Manichaeism. He was significantly influenced by them, especially during his decade-long association with the Manichaeans.
He argues that Christianity was not responsible for the Sack of Rome but instead responsible for Rome's success. Even if the earthly rule of the Empire was imperiled, it was the City of God that would ultimately triumph. Augustine's focus was Heaven, a theme of many Christian works of Late Antiquity.
Neoplatonism was a major influence on Christian theology throughout Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages in the East, and sometimes in the West as well. In the East, major Greek Fathers like Basil, Gregory of Nyssa and Gregory of Nazianzus were influenced by Platonism and Neoplatonism, but also Stoicism often leading towards asceticism and harsh treatment of the body, for example stylite asceticism.
Plato and Plotinus influenced Augustine in many ways, and he is considered a Neoplatonic philosopher. [6] [7] The Augustinian theodicy and other Augustinian doctrines such as the divine illumination and the invisible church show a strong Platonic influence. [8] [9] [10] Pope Benedict XVI cautioned that all of the Western Church teaching leads ...
Augustine was sent to convert the descendants of those invaders, and eventually became the decisive influence in Christianity in most of the British Isles. [ 56 ] [ 68 ] Much of his success came about because of Augustine's close relationship with Æthelberht, which gave the archbishop time to establish himself. [ 69 ]
Kierkegaard and his Existentialist philosophy were substantially influenced by Augustine's contemplation of the nature of his soul. [23] Ludwig Wittgenstein considered the book to be possibly "the most serious book ever written", [ 24 ] discussing or mentioning it in the Blue Book , [ 25 ] Philosophical Investigations [ 26 ] and Remarks on ...
Augustine believed in the existence of a physical Hell as a punishment for sin, but argued that those who choose to accept the salvation of Jesus Christ will go to Heaven. In the 13th century, Thomas Aquinas – influenced by Augustine – proposed a similar theodicy based on the view that God is goodness and that there can be no evil in him ...