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In Confucianism, the Sangang Wuchang (Chinese: 三綱五常; pinyin: Sāngāng Wǔcháng), sometimes translated as the Three Fundamental Bonds and Five Constant Virtues or the Three Guiding Principles and Five Constant Regulations, [1] or more simply "bonds and virtues" (gāngcháng 綱常), are the three most important human relationships and the five most important virtues.
The Ruzang or Confucian Canon (Chinese: 儒藏) is an ongoing project to compile all known classical works on Confucianism, [1] Thirteen Classics and others comparable to the Daozang (Taoist Canon) and the Chinese Buddhist Canon. It also includes Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese Confucian classics.
The Four Books are: the Analects of Confucius, a book of pithy sayings attributed to Confucius and recorded by his disciples; the Mencius, a collection of political dialogues; the Doctrine of the Mean, a book that teaches the path to Confucian virtue; and; the Great Learning, a book about education, self-cultivation and the Dao.
The Five Classics (五經; Wǔjīng) are five pre-Qin Chinese books that form part of the traditional Confucian canon. Several of the texts were already prominent by the Warring States period . Mencius , the leading Confucian scholar of the time, regarded the Spring and Autumn Annals as being equally important as the semi-legendary chronicles ...
The Confucian classic Xiaojing ("Book of Piety"), thought to be written during the Qin or Han dynasties, has historically been the authoritative source on the Confucian tenet of xiao. The book, a conversation between Confucius and his disciple Zeng Shen , is about how to set up a good society using the principle of xiao .
The work is not one of the traditional six Confucian classics, but rather the embodiment of Confucianism suitable for teaching young children. [3] Until the latter part of the 1800s, it served as a child's first formal education at home. The text is written in triplets of characters for easy memorization.
Xunzi (lit. ' Master Xun '; c. 310 – c. after 238 BCE), born Xun Kuang, was a Chinese philosopher of Confucianism during the late Warring States period.After his predecessors Confucius and Mencius, Xunzi is often ranked as the third great Confucian philosopher of antiquity.
[3] During the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhu Xi rearranged the Great Learning and included it in the Four Books, along with the Doctrine of the Mean, the Analects of Confucius and the Mencius. Zhu Xi separated the Great Learning, which was originally a chapter in the Classic of Rites. [4] Zhu Xi organized the book as Jing followed by ten expositions.