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A premise or premiss [a] is a proposition—a true or false declarative statement—used in an argument to prove the truth of another proposition called the conclusion. [1] Arguments consist of a set of premises and a conclusion. An argument is meaningful for its conclusion only when all of its premises are true. If one or more premises are ...
Logic programming is a programming, database and knowledge representation paradigm based on formal logic. A logic program is a set of sentences in logical form, representing knowledge about some problem domain. Computation is performed by applying logical reasoning to that knowledge, to solve problems in the domain.
The following is an example of an argument within the scope of propositional logic: Premise 1: If it's raining, then it's cloudy. Premise 2: It's raining. Conclusion: It's cloudy. The logical form of this argument is known as modus ponens, [39] which is a classically valid form. [40]
Each such rule can be read as an implication: … meaning "If each is true, then is true". Logic programs compute the set of facts that are implied by their rules. Many implementations of Datalog, Prolog, and related languages add procedural features such as Prolog's cut operator or extra-logical features such as a foreign function interface.
The rule is valid with respect to the semantics of classical logic (as well as the semantics of many other non-classical logics), in the sense that if the premises are true (under an interpretation), then so is the conclusion. Typically, a rule of inference preserves truth, a semantic property. In many-valued logic, it preserves a general ...
Logic programming is a programming, database and knowledge representation paradigm that is based on formal logic. A logic program is a set of sentences about some problem domain. Computation is performed by applying logical reasoning to solve problems in the domain. Major logic programming language families include Prolog, Answer Set ...
Logic studies valid forms of inference like modus ponens. Logic is the study of correct reasoning. It includes both formal and informal logic. Formal logic is the study of deductively valid inferences or logical truths. It examines how conclusions follow from premises based on the structure of arguments alone, independent of their topic and ...
The input to Aleph is background knowledge, specified as a logic program, a language bias in the form of mode declarations, as well as positive and negative examples specified as ground facts. [2] As output it returns a logic program which, together with the background knowledge, entails all of the positive examples and none of the negative ...