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Pneumomediastinum can also be characterized by the shortness of breath that is typical of a respiratory system problem. It is often recognized on auscultation by a "crunching" sound timed with the cardiac cycle (Hamman's crunch). Pneumomediastinum may also present with symptoms mimicking cardiac tamponade as a result of the increased ...
Pneumomediastinum can result from a number of events. For example, foreign body aspiration, in which someone inhales an object, can cause pneumomediastinum (and lead to subcutaneous emphysema) by puncturing the airways or by increasing the pressure in the affected lung(s) enough to cause them to burst. [17]
Hamman's syndrome, also known as Macklin's syndrome, is a syndrome of spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema [1] (air in the subcutaneous tissues of the skin) and pneumomediastinum (air in the mediastinum, the center of the chest cavity), sometimes associated with pain and, less commonly, dyspnea (difficulty breathing), dysphonia, and a low-grade fever.
The continuous diaphragm sign is a radiological finding seen on chest X-rays that indicates the presence of gas within the thoracic cavity, specifically in the mediastinum (pneumomediastinum) [1], the peritoneal cavity (pneumoperitoneum) or pericardium (pneumopericardium) [2]. This sign is characterized by the uninterrupted visualization of the ...
The mediastinum (from Medieval Latin: mediastinus, lit. 'midway'; [2] pl.: mediastina) is the central compartment of the thoracic cavity.Surrounded by loose connective tissue, it is a region that contains vital organs and structures within the thorax, namely the heart and its vessels, the esophagus, the trachea, the vagus, phrenic and cardiac nerves, the thoracic duct, the thymus and the lymph ...
Venous distention in the neck and distended veins in the upper chest and arms [6] Migraines (especially if unusual to normal) Large decrease in lung capacity; Facial swelling after bending/laying down; Upper limb edema [6] Lightheadedness [5] Cough [5] Edema (swelling) of the neck, called the collar of Stokes [7] Pemberton's sign [6]
Pneumopericardium is a medical condition where air enters the pericardial cavity.This condition has been recognized in preterm neonates, in which it is associated with severe lung pathology, after vigorous resuscitation, or in the presence of assisted ventilation. [2]
The upper airway is defined as all the structures connecting the glottis to the mouth and nose. [9] The most common upper respiratory tract infection is the common cold . However, infections of specific organs of the upper respiratory tract such as sinusitis , tonsillitis , otitis media , pharyngitis and laryngitis are also considered upper ...