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The converse is true in a basic medium. For example, Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is a weak acid (its pKa value is 5.0). The gastric juice has a pH of 2.0. It is a three-fold difference (due to log scale) between its pH and its pKa; therefore there is a 1000× difference between the charged and uncharged concentrations.
Free energy is made up of an enthalpy term and an entropy term. [11] = The standard enthalpy change can be determined by calorimetry or by using the van 't Hoff equation, though the calorimetric method is preferable. When both the standard enthalpy change and acid dissociation constant have been determined, the standard entropy change is easily ...
In cell biology, protein kinase A (PKA) is a family of serine-threonine kinase [1] whose activity is dependent on cellular levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP). PKA is also known as cAMP-dependent protein kinase (EC 2.7.11.11). PKA has several functions in the cell, including regulation of glycogen, sugar, and lipid metabolism.
From the titration of protonatable group, one can read the so-called pK a 1 ⁄ 2 which is equal to the pH value where the group is half-protonated (i.e. when 50% such groups would be protonated). The pK a 1 ⁄ 2 is equal to the Henderson–Hasselbalch pK a (pK HH a) if the titration curve follows the Henderson–Hasselbalch equation. [14]
In chemistry, biochemistry, and pharmacology, a dissociation constant (K D) is a specific type of equilibrium constant that measures the propensity of a larger object to separate (dissociate) reversibly into smaller components, as when a complex falls apart into its component molecules, or when a salt splits up into its component ions.
This term is independent of the presence or absence of a buffering agent. With strongly alkaline solutions, pH more than about 12 (coloured blue on the plot), the third term in the equation dominates, and buffer capacity rises exponentially with increasing pH: β ≈ 10 p H − p K w . {\displaystyle \beta \approx 10^{\mathrm {pH} -\mathrm {p ...
The two arms of the contact system. PKa's cleavage of HK liberates BK and promotes inflammation. FXIIa's cleavage of FXI initiates coagulation. In the contact activation system or CAS, three proteins in the blood, factor XII (FXII), prekallikrein (PK) and high molecular weight kininogen (HK), bind to a surface and cause blood coagulation and ...
pupils equal, round, reactive to light and accommodation [3] Per Vag: per vagina PET: positron emission tomography (cerebral metabolic scan) PFO: patent foramen ovale: PFT: pulmonary function test (see spirometry) PGCS: Paediatric Glasgow Coma Scale: PH: Pulmonary hypertension Past history (see also medical history) PH x: past history (see also ...