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The Hereford is a British breed of beef cattle originally from Herefordshire in the West Midlands of England. [3] It was the result of selective breeding from the mid-eighteenth century by a few families in Herefordshire, beginning some decades before the noted work of Robert Bakewell .
Thomas Lewis founded his Hereford herd at The Woodhouse, Shobdon, Herefordshire in 1822, [2] 24 years before the publication of the first Hereford Cattle Herd Book. Many animals were exported from The Woodhouse Herd especially to the United States of America in the boom years of the 1880s, [3] although Hereford cattle had first been introduced to the country in either 1816 or 1817. [4]
The known history of Herefordshire starts with a shire in the time of King Athelstan (r. 895–939), and Herefordshire is mentioned in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle in 1051. The first Anglo-Saxon settlers, the 7th-century Magonsætan, were a sub-tribal unit of the Hwicce who occupied the Severn valley.
William Susan "Sude" Ikard (July 7, 1847 in Noxubee County, Mississippi – September 13, 1934 in Henrietta, Texas [1]) was a Texas cattle rancher. Ikard is credited with bringing the first Hereford cattle to Texas, in 1876. These cattle "became the nucleus of the state's Hereford industry."
The Hereford Cattle Society (formerly the Hereford Herd Book Society, also known as the Hereford Breed Society) is the British breeding authority on Hereford Cattle, and the originator of the breed's herd book. Founded in 1878 as the Hereford Herd Book Society (under the patronage of Queen Victoria), the Herd Book for the breed was open between ...
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By 1976, the Polled Hereford breed was numerically greater than the horned variety in the United States, and was about three-fourths of Iowa's Hereford stock. [2] The Iowa Polled Hereford Association erected a historical marker at the site. The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. [1]
An American breeder, Richard Gradwohl, has developed eighteen different strains of miniature cattle. [3] Miniature Galloway, Hereford and Holstein have been bred. [2]: 245 [3] In the United States, small zebuine cattle deriving from stock imported from Brazil, the Dominican Republic and Sweden may be registered as "Miniature Zebu"; [2]: 245 in Australia, similar cattle may be known as "Nadudana".