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The Papal States (/ ˈ p eɪ p ə l / PAY-pəl; Italian: Stato Pontificio; Latin: Dicio Pontificia), officially the State of the Church, [7] were a conglomeration of territories on the Italian peninsula under the direct sovereign rule of the Pope from 756 to 1870. [8]
The four original legations were joined into the legation of the Romagne. In 1859, the Kingdom of Sardinia invaded the Papal State and set up a military government, the United Provinces of Central Italy, that included the Romagne. Following a plebiscite, the Romagne were formally annexed to Sardinia in 1860.
Between 1798 and 1814, the revolutionary French government invaded Italy several times and annexed the Papal States (though the papacy was restored between 1800 and 1809). Napoleon Bonaparte abolished the pope's temporal power in 1809, incorporating Rome and Latium into his First French Empire. Pope Pius VII himself was even taken prisoner by ...
Pope Pius IX (1846–1878), under whose rule the Papal States passed into secular control. Vatican during the Savoyard era describes the relation of the Vatican to Italy, after 1870, which marked the end of the Papal States, and 1929, when the papacy regained autonomy in the Lateran Treaty, a period dominated by the Roman Question.
Consular officers from the Papal States were stationed in various parts of the United States until 1867. [1] Among them was a consulate in New York City. [5] Relations ended in 1870 following the Unification of Italy when the Papal States were dissolved and incorporated into a singular Italian state. In 1867 the American mission to the Papal ...
While the Pope was sovereign of that region, the Curia had both religious and civil functions. The latter were lost when the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia, expanding to include the greater part of Italy, seized most of the Papal States in 1860 and the city of Rome itself and its surrounding area in 1870, thus ending the Papacy's temporal power ...
The Fundamental Statute for the Secular Government of the States of the Church was the constitution of the Papal States conceded by Pope Pius IX [1] as a result of the 1848 revolutions. [citation needed] It was published on 14 March 1848. [2] The statute provided for two legislative chambers. [2]
One of the emblems of the Roman Republic. On 15 November 1848, Pellegrino Rossi, the Minister of Justice of the Papal government, was assassinated.The following day, the liberals of Rome filled the streets, where various groups demanded a democratic government, social reforms and a declaration of war against the Austrian Empire to liberate long-held territories that were culturally and ...